{"title":"Toolik Field Station NEON - United States of America","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"0154f730-1434-4597-9f59-c6320cfec41b"},"type":"site","created":"2020-05-25T09:36:50+02:00","changed":"2025-09-18T14:51:25+02:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":[{"network":{"name":"GERI","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"c3abdc60-49f1-49db-81fe-863b7dbb21d3"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"INTERACT","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"c0f5b78b-f3b2-4ec2-9ec3-53c79ea5e15a"}},"siteCode":"https:\/\/www.interact-gis.org\/Home\/Station\/54","verified":true},{"network":{"name":"NEON","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"fd9fbc88-0baa-4d02-b824-dc29f721782c"}},"siteCode":"TOOL","verified":true}],"projects":null},"contact":{"siteManager":[{"type":"person","name":"Chris Baird","email":"cbaird@battelleecology.org","orcid":null}],"operatingOrganisation":null,"metadataProvider":[{"type":"person","name":"Melissa Marquez","email":"marquez@battelleecology.org","orcid":null}],"fundingAgency":null,"siteUrl":[{"title":null,"value":"http:\/\/neonscience.org\/field-sites\/tool"}]},"general":{"abstract":"Toolik Lake Research Natural Area (TOOL) is a terrestrial NEON field site near Toolik Field Station, AK, just north of the Brooks Range. The 60 km2 (14,800 acre) site is located 254.3 km (158 mi.) above the Arctic Circle and 188 km (116 mi.) from the Arctic Ocean. TOOL\u2019s field sampling area is managed by the Bureau of Land Management as a Resource Natural Area and Area of Critical Environmental Concern, but housing and logistics are supported by Toolik Field Station (TFS). TFS is operated by the Institute of Arctic Biology at the University of Alaska Fairbanks, with cooperative agreement support from the Division of Polar Programs, Directorate for Geosciences at the National Science Foundation. TOOL sits at 700 - 985 m (2300 - 3200 ft.) above sea-level, which demarcates taiga and tundra ecosystems in Alaska. It provides a contrast to BARR, which is on the northern coastal floodplains. In both cases, field site boundaries overlap other ecological research networks, allowing opportunities for larger datasets and longer time series. TOOL is part of the NEON Tundra Domain (D18), which includes the northern and western parts of Alaska. D18 hosts three other NEON field sites in Alaska: two aquatic sites and the BARR terrestrial site. TOOL is colocated with the two D18 aquatic sites, Toolik Lake (TOOK) and Oksrukuyik Creek (OKSR).","citation":null,"relatedIdentifiers":null,"status":{"label":"Operational","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/elter_cl\/10772"},"yearEstablished":2016,"yearClosed":null,"relatedSites":[{"typeOfRelationship":{"label":"groups with","uri":"null"},"listOfSites":[{"type":"site","title":"Oksrukuyik Creek NEON - United States of America","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"ebd8e698-157d-429f-8c8c-19f35a8bc86f"},"changed":"2025-09-18T10:41:54+0200"},{"type":"site","title":"Toolik Lake NEON - United States of America","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"489ae6a6-9dbe-4677-9fe7-7c82e85341b6"},"changed":"2025-09-18T14:55:07+0200"}]}],"siteName":"Toolik Field Station NEON","shortName":"TOOL","siteType":"Platform","protectionLevel":null,"landUse":null,"images":[{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2020-06\/48539384291_5b499dfc35_k.jpg","alt":"TOOL covered in snow"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2020-06\/48539531677_05b95f3510_b.jpg","alt":"Midnight sky with rainbow over the Brooks Range from Toolik field station"}]},"environmentalCharacteristics":{"airTemperature":{"yearlyAverage":-9,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"\u00b0C","referencePeriod":null},"precipitation":{"yearlyAverage":316,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"mm","referencePeriod":null},"biogeographicalRegion":null,"biome":"tundra","ecosystemType":[{"label":"Tundra","uri":null}],"eunisHabitat":null,"landforms":null,"geoBonBiome":["Terrestrial"],"geology":"The majority of TOOL is located on rolling till plains and moraines with various superposed periglacial features that include stripes, non-sorted circles and thermokarst pits. Glacial and alluvial deposits from the Holocene age blanket the area. The site is also located in a continuous permafrost zone; however, taliks - pockets of non-frozen material - often underlie lakes and rivers.","hydrology":"The landscape\u2019s permafrost plays a major role in soil hydrology at TOOL. Climate warming brings increasing disruption to soil moisture and water table connectivity from melting permafrost layers. While solid permafrost plays a role in directing water flow, subsurface flow also impacts permafrost volume through the transfer of thermal energy via heat advection.","soils":null,"vegetation":"TOOL is dominated by tussock tundra, a vegetation type that covers some 80% of arctic Alaska. Bigelow Sedge (Carex bigelowii) and tussock cottongrass (Eriophorum vaginatum) are especially abundant. Low shrubs, including dwarf birch (Betula glandulosa or nana) and diamond-leaf willow (Salix pulchra), grow between the tussocks and along the streams. Vaccinium vitis-idaea is also common. NEON evaluates plant diversity and percent cover in various plots across the site on an annual basis."},"geographic":{"boundaries":"MULTIPOLYGON (((-149.529376293 68.586684632, -149.498448363 68.583367761, -149.49844789 68.58336771, -149.498425504 68.583365305, -149.49100553 68.582568616, -149.490982677 68.582566158, -149.489458363 68.582381837, -149.487970321 68.582161459, -149.486524934 68.58190597, -149.485128396 68.581616466, -149.483786689 68.581294186, -149.482505562 68.58094051, -149.481290504 68.580556958, -149.480146721 68.580145172, -149.47907911 68.579706917, -149.478092239 68.57924407, -149.477190335 68.578758616, -149.476377257 68.578252634, -149.475656481 68.577728293, -149.47503109 68.577187838, -149.474503757 68.576633587, -149.474076731 68.576067912, -149.473751835 68.575493237, -149.473530456 68.574912023, -149.473413529 68.574326759, -149.47340155 68.573739953, -149.473494559 68.573154117, -149.473692153 68.572571759, -149.473993478 68.571995374, -149.474397232 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