{"title":"Wroxham Broad - United Kingdom","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"1803f937-7e3c-40e0-9b37-582b42793fec"},"type":"site","created":"2012-12-25T18:56:33+01:00","changed":"2023-09-01T16:14:38+02:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":[{"network":{"name":"ILTER","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"1aa7ccb2-a14b-43d6-90ac-5e0a6bc1d65b"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"LTER Europe","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"4742ffca-65ac-4aae-815f-83738500a1fc"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"UK ECN","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"a197664f-569e-4df6-933a-86de676dbfc5"}},"siteCode":"LTER_EU_UK_003","verified":true}],"projects":[{"label":"eLTER (H2020)","uri":"https:\/\/cordis.europa.eu\/project\/id\/654359"}]},"contact":{"siteManager":[{"type":"person","name":"Andrew Sier [Primary ECN contact]","email":"arjs@ceh.ac.uk","orcid":null}],"operatingOrganisation":[{"type":"organisation","name":"Environment Agency (UK)","url":"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/organisations\/environment-agency","ror":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01zewfb16"}],"metadataProvider":[{"type":"person","name":"Andrew Sier [Primary ECN contact]","email":"arjs@ceh.ac.uk","orcid":null},{"type":"person","name":"Richard Chadd","email":"richard.chadd@environment-agency.gov.uk","orcid":null}],"fundingAgency":null,"siteUrl":[{"title":"ECN website","value":"https:\/\/ecn.ac.uk"},{"title":"Wroxham Broad on UK Lakes Portal","value":"https:\/\/eip.ceh.ac.uk\/apps\/lakes\/detail.html?wbid=35953"}]},"general":{"abstract":"UK ECN site.  Wroxham Broad is a shallow, lowland lake formed from the flooding of mediaeval peat diggings that were abandoned in the 14th century. The broad has an area of 34.4 ha and an average depth of 1.3m. It is located in the middle reach of the River Bure, close to the upper tidal limit, at an elevation of less than 10m above o.d.. The lake lies on the west side of the river with two navigable openings onto the river. It is separated from the river channel by a narrow bank covered with trees. The broad has been subject to serious eutrophication, largely as a result of the discharge of treated sewage effluent to the river Bure. Since 1986, a programme of phosphorus removal at the major sewage treatment works affecting the river has been in operation, and this stretch of river is now designated a Sensitive Area under the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive. The low gradients of the area, and seasonally low flows of recent years, mean that the flushing rate of the lake is slow, although exact retention times are unknown. The surrounding catchment is underlain by Quaternary deposits of Norwich Crag, with chalk at depth, and superficial glacial till and outwash deposits. The area is subject to intensive agricultural activity, although surrounding the broad itself there are small areas of wet woodland (alder carr). The broad is used extensively for recreational purposes, particularly in the summer months.  [Photo copyright Philip Ashton\/NWT Natural Connections]","citation":null,"relatedIdentifiers":null,"status":{"label":"Operational","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/elter_cl\/10772"},"yearEstablished":1994,"yearClosed":null,"relatedSites":null,"siteName":"Wroxham Broad","shortName":"L03","siteType":"Stationary land-based site","protectionLevel":null,"landUse":null,"images":[{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Grey%2520heron%252C%2520Phillip%2520Ashton%252C%2520Wroxham%2520Jan%25203rd%25202010-500px.jpg","alt":"Heron on a jetty at Wroxham Broad"}]},"environmentalCharacteristics":{"airTemperature":{"yearlyAverage":9.63,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"\u00b0C","referencePeriod":null},"precipitation":{"yearlyAverage":615.9,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"mm","referencePeriod":null},"biogeographicalRegion":"atlantic","biome":"freshwater_lakes","ecosystemType":[{"label":"Fresh Water Lakes","uri":null},{"label":"Lakes","uri":null}],"eunisHabitat":[{"label":"Inland surface waters (C)","uri":null},{"label":"Surface standing waters (C1)","uri":null}],"landforms":null,"geoBonBiome":["Fresh water lakes"],"geology":"The surrounding catchment is underlain by Quaternary deposits of Norwich Crag, with chalk at depth, and superficial glacial till and outwash deposits.","hydrology":"The broad has an area of 34.4 ha and an average depth of 1.3m. It is located in the middle reach of the River Bure, close to the upper tidal limit, at an elevation of less than 10m above o.d.. The lake lies on the west side of the river with two navigable openings onto the river. It is separated from the river channel by a narrow bank covered with trees. The broad has been subject to serious eutrophication, largely as a result of the discharge of treated sewage effluent to the river Bure. Since 1986, a programme of phosphorus removal at the major sewage treatment works affecting the river has been in operation, and this stretch of river is now designated a Sensitive Area under the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive. The low gradients of the area, and seasonally low flows of recent years, mean that the flushing rate of the lake is slow, although exact retention times are unknown.","soils":null,"vegetation":"The surrounding area is subject to intensive agricultural activity, although surrounding the broad itself there are small areas of wet woodland (alder carr)."},"geographic":{"boundaries":"POLYGON ((1.4235954625487 52.700123985956, 1.4234323910374 52.699626194196, 1.4240179857038 52.699182133923, 1.4230551775436 52.698506459782, 1.4225167761962 52.698496895384, 1.4222279243402 52.698505243071, 1.4219174825357 52.698237836066, 1.421945008719 52.698061163448, 1.4217603257485 52.697815246999, 1.4193377556061 52.696453080286, 1.4193615293428 52.695171003988, 1.4189686065239 52.69490597126, 1.4173967554029 52.694901092157, 1.4166541653166 52.694394888712, 1.4152512930217 52.69443535646, 1.4137405939554 52.693624658142, 1.4107678883179 52.693685191647, 1.4075680450541 52.691892921802, 1.4045541845057 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data file (GIS)","uri":null},{"label":"Structured file","uri":null}],"data":{"policy":{"url":[{"title":null,"value":"http:\/\/data.ecn.ac.uk\/datapolicy.asp"}],"rights":null,"notes":null}}},"relatedResources":[{"id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/dataset\/","suffix":"910bd2a2-5cb8-4c37-b0e9-6998de155460"},"title":"Wroxham Broad: UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) water temperature 2007-2012 ","changed":"2019-11-29T11:31:33+01:00"}],"projectRelated":{"lter":{"lterSiteClassification":"Extensive Site"}}}}