{"title":"Altitudinal transect - Czechia","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"28da2ea2-a4be-4d6c-bf3b-9066ff923b06"},"type":"site","created":"2012-12-25T19:07:34+01:00","changed":"2020-11-27T14:19:46+01:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":null,"projects":[{"label":"Natura 2000","uri":"https:\/\/natura2000.eea.europa.eu\/"}]},"contact":{"siteManager":null,"operatingOrganisation":null,"metadataProvider":null,"fundingAgency":null,"siteUrl":[{"title":null,"value":"http:\/\/www.lter.cz\/index.php?option=com_content\u0026view=category\u0026layout=blog\u0026id=27\u0026Itemid=32\u0026lang=en"}]},"general":{"abstract":"The transect from submontane broadleaf forests to arctic-alpine tundra is situated in the central part of the Krkono\u0161e Mts (Giant Mts}. It is aproximatelly 8 km long and ranged from a mosaic of meadow and deciduous and mixed forests at the bottom of the mountains (600\u2013800 m a.s.l.) through Norway spruce forests (800\u20131250 m), subalpine meadows and dwarf pine stands (1250\u20131450 m) up to the alpine belt (1450\u20131550 m) covered with only scarce herb vegetation and sporadic dwarf pine shrubs.\r\nThe Krkono\u0161e Mts, the highest range of the Sudetic Mountains, are situated in the northern part of the Czech Republic on the Czech-Polish border. Despite their relatively low altitude (the highest peak Sn\u011b\u017eka [50\u00b043\u2019 N, 15\u00b039\u2019E] reaches 1602 m a.s.l.) and relatively small extent (631 km2), their ecosystems show high affinities with similar ecosystems in subarctic and high-mountain regions. Therefore, they are sometimes called high mountains \u2018en miniature\u2019.","citation":null,"relatedIdentifiers":null,"status":{"label":"Closed","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/elter_cl\/10770"},"yearEstablished":2002,"yearClosed":null,"relatedSites":null,"siteName":"Altitudinal transect","shortName":"Altitudinal transect","siteType":"Stationary land-based site","protectionLevel":[{"label":"Category V \u2013 Protected Landscape\/Seascape\/Area","uri":"http:\/\/dd.eionet.europa.eu\/vocabularyconcept\/cdda\/IucnCategoryValue\/V"}],"landUse":null,"images":[{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/12989_1.jpg","alt":"not defined"}]},"environmentalCharacteristics":{"airTemperature":{"yearlyAverage":4.5,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"\u00b0C","referencePeriod":null},"precipitation":{"yearlyAverage":1156,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"mm","referencePeriod":null},"biogeographicalRegion":"continental","biome":"alpine","ecosystemType":[{"label":"Grasslands","uri":null}],"eunisHabitat":[{"label":"Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens (E)","uri":null},{"label":"Woodland, forest and other wooded land (G)","uri":null}],"landforms":null,"geoBonBiome":["Terrestrial"],"geology":"Mainly metamorphic rocks ? mica-schists and phyllites, rarely marble","hydrology":"spring areas, creecs","soils":"cambisols,podzols,rankers","vegetation":"The lowest (submontane; 400?800 m a.s.l.) areas are covered with a mosaic of meadows (approximately 35% of the area), fields (5%), autochthonous deciduous and mixed forests (30%), and allochthonous pure Norway spruce (Picea abies) plantations (30%). Beech (Fagus sylvatica), sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus), ash (Fraxinus excelsior), alder (Alnus glutinosa and A. incana) and rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) are dominant tree species in autochthonous forests. The montane belt (800?1250 m a.s.l.) is covered with both native and planted mountain spruce forests (about 95% of the area) and flower rich montane meadows. The majority of the montane spruce forest stands still show some degree of damage due to air pollution, which negatively affected spruce stands from the beginning of the mid 1970s to the end of the 1980s. Dwarf pine stands (Pinus mugo), virgin and secondary mat-grasslands (Nardus stricta)are concentrated in the subalpine belt (1250?1450 m a.s.l.) around the summit plateau. The highest peaks reach up to the alpine belt covered with tundra vegetation(over 1450 m a.s.l.)dominated by lichens, mosses, grasses and small shrubs."},"geographic":{"boundaries":"POLYGON ((15.63695741323 50.686271291854, 15.635637395028 50.689820125482, 15.639518548682 50.690251256049, 15.643014687247 50.691026498128, 15.646431074434 50.692128231132, 15.651669783259 50.694699739975, 15.663163628954 50.701232239749, 15.672715459531 50.704944338273, 15.675850336996 50.70319832456, 15.675835963739 50.701715694539, 15.671932816536 50.700136939096, 15.67121805497 50.698442000908, 15.670922476825 50.696262742396, 15.66865141373 50.695704619424, 15.666260180165 50.69594689333, 15.665177170868 50.694836790607, 15.660075623323 50.693856243558, 15.657889694544 50.693258506276, 15.655717891481 50.69137201417, 15.653972845124 50.690817670117, 15.648979715913 50.689703947716, 15.645976293322 50.688451920902, 15.645624850716 50.686505958844, 15.644266646565 50.68498621807, 15.64085577189 50.684171639469, 15.63695741323 50.686271291854))","coordinates":"POINT (15.647 50.6939)","country":["Czechia"],"elevation":{"avg":1042,"min":530,"max":1555,"unit":"msl"},"size":{"value":782,"unit":"ha"},"relatedLocations":null},"focusDesignScale":{"experiments":{"design":"mainly experimentation","scale":"plot scale"},"observations":{"design":"mainly observation","scale":"plot without link to explicit catchment"},"observedProperties":[{"label":"atmospheric parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20937"},{"label":"biological parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20940"},{"label":"ecosystem parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20939"},{"label":"landscape parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20943"},{"label":"soil parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20944"},{"label":"water parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20945"}]},"infrastructure":{"accessibleAllYear":true,"accessType":"dirt road  (4WD)","allPartsAccessible":true,"maintenanceInterval":30,"permanentPowerSupply":true,"operation":{"permanent":false,"notes":null,"siteVisitInterval":30},"notes":"Several mountain chalets offering yearround accomodation and services are available within the area.","collection":[{"label":"No data transmission from site","uri":null},{"label":"No tower on site","uri":null},{"label":"No within site data transmission","uri":null},{"label":"Paper","uri":null},{"label":"Spatial data file (GIS)","uri":null},{"label":"Spatial database (GIS)","uri":null},{"label":"Web Map Service (WMS)","uri":null}],"data":{"policy":{"url":null,"rights":["Legal permission for dataset use is obtained"],"notes":null}}},"relatedResources":null,"projectRelated":{"lter":{"lterSiteClassification":"na"}}}}