{"title":"LTER Site Neusiedler See-Seewinkel - Austria","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"4aa7c073-58ce-4b63-8aee-5b468c297438"},"type":"site","created":"2020-09-18T14:08:48+02:00","changed":"2026-09-29T15:12:54+02:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":[{"network":{"name":"EUROPARC","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"ce875203-854b-414b-a4d5-0719aff25622"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":false},{"network":{"name":"FluxNet","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"8fe9fde0-76cf-45b8-b636-fce887d3ae62"}},"siteCode":"AT-Nsd","verified":false},{"network":{"name":"GERI","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"c3abdc60-49f1-49db-81fe-863b7dbb21d3"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"ILTER","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"1aa7ccb2-a14b-43d6-90ac-5e0a6bc1d65b"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"LTER Austria","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"d45c2690-dbef-4dbc-a742-26ea846edf28"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"LTER Europe","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"4742ffca-65ac-4aae-815f-83738500a1fc"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true}],"projects":[{"label":"FLUXNet","uri":"https:\/\/fluxnet.org\/"},{"label":"Natura 2000","uri":"https:\/\/natura2000.eea.europa.eu\/"},{"label":"Ramsar Convention on Wetlands","uri":"https:\/\/www.ramsar.org"},{"label":"UNESCO World Heritage Site","uri":"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/about\/"}]},"contact":{"siteManager":[{"type":"person","name":"Harald Grabenhofer","email":"h.grabenhofer@npneusiedlersee.at","orcid":null},{"type":"person","name":"Justin Catau","email":null,"orcid":null},{"type":"person","name":"Thomas Zechmeister","email":"thomas.zechmeister@bgld.gv.at","orcid":null}],"operatingOrganisation":[{"type":"organisation","name":"Biologische Station Neusiedler See - Provincial Government Burgenland","url":"http:\/\/biologische-station.bgld.gv.at\/","ror":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02hfbe980"},{"type":"organisation","name":"Nationalpark Neusiedler See - Seewinkel","url":"http:\/\/www.nationalpark-neusiedlersee-seewinkel.at\/","ror":null}],"metadataProvider":[{"type":"organisation","name":"Biologische Station Neusiedler See - Provincial Government Burgenland","url":"http:\/\/biologische-station.bgld.gv.at\/","ror":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02hfbe980"}],"fundingAgency":null,"siteUrl":[{"title":null,"value":"https:\/\/biologische-station.bgld.gv.at\/"},{"title":null,"value":"https:\/\/www.nationalparkneusiedlersee.at\/"},{"title":"DEIMS Nationalpark Neusiedler See - Seewinkel - Austria","value":"https:\/\/deims.org\/2862002a-7aa1-4732-9150-03bc9635002c"}]},"general":{"abstract":"The LTER Site Neusiedler See-Seewinkel is situated at Lake Neusiedl in Illmitz (Austria) and is operated by the Biological Station and the Nationalpark Neusiedler See-Seewinkel. Both institutions offer high scale experience in basic and applied ecological research in Burgenland over the last 50 years. \r\n\r\nLocated in the middle of the Neusiedler See \u2013 Seewinkel national park the Biological station hosts a high standard chemical and microbiological laboratory for water analysis, which has an accreditation for a variety of physico-chemical, chemical and microbiological parameters as well as diverse sampling procedures. The Institution provides expert opinions for water quality as well as applied cross-sectoral research and ecosystem monitoring. \r\n\r\nThe Neusiedler See - Seewinkel National Park is the first cross-border National Park in Austria and the first Austrian National Park recognised by the IUCN. It covers in total about 90km\u00b2 on Austrian territory. About 50% of the area (about 4500 ha) is a Nature Reserve Zone, which remains untouched by humans. This zone is dominated by the southernmost Austrian part of the reed belt from Lake Neusiedl. The Conservation Zones are mainly cultural landscapes and require landscape conservation measures and habitat management like pasturing, mowing, cutting reed or water retention. These measures are taken to preserve the cultural landscape and its biodiversity that has developed over centuries. Important habitats like 160 km\u00b2 of reed belt and around 40 periodically dry soda lakes, as well as sand habitats, dry and wet meadows can be found closely associated with vineyards, cropland, touristic infrastructure and rural settlements. Long-term monitoring programs regarding bird populations, fish ecology or the grazing management enable the cross-border National Park Neusiedler See - Seewinkel to provide biological data from flora and fauna. Furthermore, all soda lakes are monitored frequently regarding salinity, oxygen, temperature, color etc. and biological parameters such as species diversity and quantity of macrozoobenthos.\r\n\r\nThe Site is a well-known cooperation partner of local, regional, national and international institutions, stakeholders, Universities and state offices of Burgenland.\r\nWith several different subsites and partners (ABOL (NHM Wien), Hydrographischer Dienst Burgenland, Medizinische Universit\u00e4t Wien, Universit\u00e4t Wien, Umweltbundesamt), the Biological Station is able to provide long-term data regarding meteorology, limnology, lake chemistry, entomology, botany, air quality and carbon-fluxes.\r\nThus, the Biological Station provides bases for decision making with regard to the development of a balanced cultural landscape. \r\n","citation":null,"relatedIdentifiers":null,"status":{"label":"Operational","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/elter_cl\/10772"},"yearEstablished":1971,"yearClosed":null,"relatedSites":[{"typeOfRelationship":{"label":"belongs to","uri":"null"},"listOfSites":[{"type":"site","title":"LTSER Platform Pannonischer Raum - Austria","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"1230b149-9ba5-4ab8-86c9-cf93120f8ae2"},"changed":"2026-01-26T11:31:16+0100"}]}],"siteName":"LTER Site Neusiedler See-Seewinkel","shortName":"BNS","siteType":"Stationary land-based site","protectionLevel":[{"label":"Category II \u2013 National Park","uri":"http:\/\/dd.eionet.europa.eu\/vocabularyconcept\/cdda\/IucnCategoryValue\/II"},{"label":"Category IV \u2013 Habitat\/Species Management Area","uri":"http:\/\/dd.eionet.europa.eu\/vocabularyconcept\/cdda\/IucnCategoryValue\/IV"}],"landUse":null,"images":[{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2021-03\/ltser-platform-neusiedler-see-seewinkel-austria_6592.jpg","alt":"Biologische Station Neusiedler See"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2021-03\/BSBefliegungSeew_20130430_1530.jpg","alt":"Biologische Station Neusiedler See"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2021-03\/ltser-platform-neusiedler-see-seewinkel-austria_6593.jpg","alt":"Biologische Station Neusiedler See"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2021-03\/ltser-platform-neusiedler-see-seewinkel-austria_6594.jpg","alt":"Online Measurment System in selected Soda Pans"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2021-03\/ltser-platform-neusiedler-see-seewinkel-austria_6596.jpg","alt":"Biologische Station Neusiedler See"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2021-03\/ltser-platform-neusiedler-see-seewinkel-austria_6602.jpg","alt":"Biologische Station Neusiedler See"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2026-09\/trockener%20Lackenboden%28Arno%20Csimadom%29CD_1.jpg","alt":"dry soda pan"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2026-09\/Graugans-Familie%20%28Hannah%20Assil%29%20Seite%2029.jpg","alt":"Greyleg goose (Anser anser) "},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2026-09\/2%20Lo%CC%88ffler%20%28Rupert%20Kogler%29-2%20Seite%2029.jpg","alt":"Eurasian Spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia) "},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2026-09\/Wasserbu%CC%88ffel%2C%20viel.jpg","alt":"Water buffalos grazing in Apetlon"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2026-09\/Bartmeise%20im%20Schilf%20Wengerodt.jpg","alt":"Bearded Reedling (Panurus biarmicus)"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2026-09\/54%20Schilfgu%CC%88rtel.jpg","alt":"reed belt around Lake Neusiedl"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2026-09\/Luftaufnahme.jpg","alt":"mosaique  of soda pans and agricultural landscape"}]},"environmentalCharacteristics":{"airTemperature":{"yearlyAverage":11.5,"monthlyAverage":[0.3,1.9,6.3,11.9,16.4,20.4,22.3,21.7,16.8,11.7,6.7,1.6],"unit":"\u00b0C","referencePeriod":{"label":"1991 - 2020","uri":null}},"precipitation":{"yearlyAverage":697,"monthlyAverage":[37,36,48,49,74,73,79,74,76,53,54,44],"unit":"mm","referencePeriod":{"label":"1991 - 2020","uri":null}},"biogeographicalRegion":"continental","biome":"freshwater_lakes","ecosystemType":[{"label":"Agricultural","uri":null},{"label":"Fresh Water Lakes","uri":null},{"label":"Grasslands","uri":null},{"label":"Lakes","uri":null},{"label":"Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands","uri":null}],"eunisHabitat":[{"label":"Dry grasslands (E1)","uri":null},{"label":"Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens (E)","uri":null},{"label":"Habitat complexes (X)","uri":null},{"label":"Inland saline and brackish marshes and reedbeds (D6)","uri":null},{"label":"Inland salt steppes (E6)","uri":null},{"label":"Inland surface waters (C)","uri":null},{"label":"Mesic grasslands (E2)","uri":null},{"label":"Mires, bogs and fens (D)","uri":null},{"label":"Permanent inland saline and brackish lakes, ponds and pools (C1.5)","uri":null},{"label":"Seasonally wet and wet grasslands (E3)","uri":null},{"label":"Surface standing waters (C1)","uri":null},{"label":"Temporary lakes, ponds and pools (C1.6)","uri":null}],"landforms":[{"label":"Lake","uri":null}],"geoBonBiome":["Fresh water lakes"],"geology":"The Seewinkel is located in the small Hungarian Plain or Pannonian Basin and is the lowest-lying region in Austria at an altitude of 114 metres above the Adriatic Sea. This lowland plain is separated from the Vienna Basin by the Leitha Mountains and is characterised by a gentle, hilly terrain consisting of incompletely consolidated sediments.\r\nIn the middle Tertiary period, around 16 million years ago, the area of today\u0027s Lake Neusiedl was covered by the foothills of the Thetys and characterised by a tropical-subtropical climate.  The red algae and coral reefs found in the coastal areas subsequently contributed to the formation of the Leitha limestone.\r\nThe folding of the Alpine and Carpathian arcs led to tectonic subsidence of the areas in between. With the retreat of the Parathetys 13 million years ago, inland waters formed in the resulting lowlands, in which thick layers of sand, clay and loam were deposited. The Pannonian Plain and the Vienna Basin were formed. The four most recent ice ages contributed to the accumulation of enormous quantities of fluvial sediments. The interplay of tectonics and sedimentation also created characteristic metamorphic rocks such as limestone, sandstone and mica schist under enormous pressure. In short, the geology of northern Burgenland is characterised by crystalline rocks such as granite gneiss as footwall and younger sediments such as gravel and pebbles on the hanging wall.","hydrology":"The water balance of Lake Neusiedl is primarily controlled by climatic factors - low precipitation and high evaporation - and the water level has been subject to constant strong fluctuations since its formation, ranging from complete drying out to an increase in water surface area to over 500 km\u00b2. The lake basin is formed by a shallow depression between the Leitha Mountains and the Seewinkel or the westernmost foothills of the small Hungarian lowlands and today covers an area of around 320 km\u00b2 - the characteristic reed belt covers around 180 km\u00b2 - and an average depth of 1.5 metres on Austrian and Hungarian territory. The catchment area is relatively small and, at around 1000 km\u00b2, is three times the size of the steppe lake. The Wulka is the only relevant surface tributary. The groundwater is almost negligible as an underground inflow due to the low rainfall ( an average of 500-600 mm per year). The only steppe lake in Central Europe is also characterised by an above-average salt content ( an average of 1g per litre), which is due to the salt-rich rock layers in the subsoil and the lack of a natural outflow. However, artificial drainage canals such as the Einser Canal, built in 1910, have interfered with the natural water balance, which is a contentious subject, especially at times of low water levels.","soils":"The saline soils in Seewinkel are among the rarest soil types in Austria. With a very high surface salt concentration, these soils are poor in vegetation. The soils and salt pans of the Seewinkel are characterised above all by the accumulation of sodium, calcium and magnesium salts in the higher soil horizons of shallow depressions and hollows, whereby sodium carbonate occurs in high concentrations and crystallises out on the surface in so-called salt pans, contributing to the landscape. In conjunction with the great dryness and high evaporation that characterise the area, these salts are dissolved from the underlying rock and brought to the surface by capillary action. The resulting soils are known as solonetz and solonchak. In addition to these two soil types, there are also fertile black earth deposits, which contribute to fertile soils through the accumulation of fine carbonate-containing sediments such as loess.","vegetation":"The saline soils in Seewinkel are among the rarest soil types in Austria. With a very high surface salt concentration, these soils are poor in vegetation. Only strongly adapted plants (so-called halophytes) can occur on these areas due to physiological adaptations. Nevertheless, the mosaic-like vegetation structure around Lake Neusiedl is very diverse and provides a habitat for numerous animals with softwood meadows, salt steppes, dry and semi-dry grasslands, alluvial meadows, moor grass meadows and, of course, the reed belt and much more."},"geographic":{"boundaries":"MULTIPOLYGON (((16.865188449854 47.722889260261, 16.864115551698 47.721751638688, 16.861829305998 47.720982299963, 16.861135606159 47.720907551314, 16.857405008638 47.719839006821, 16.852684008628 47.719463006821, 16.849465008621 47.716980006817, 16.847266325463 47.716132115696, 16.847309663718 47.715915335068, 16.846855960359 47.715806393622, 16.845327702069 47.714011522436, 16.84494209988 47.712479544575, 16.84094525877 47.712813478421, 16.814607263074 47.694907274754, 16.815219008546 47.694397006774, 16.816721008549 47.693819006773, 16.820412008557 47.69254800677, 16.828823008575 47.689544006762, 16.832600008584 47.689197006761, 16.828651008575 47.682841006749, 16.748829008401 47.681570006757, 16.721535008342 47.722812006847, 16.72141699963 47.725636316179, 16.695134549242 47.740146577444, 16.678900837782 47.803780879434, 16.692194349917 47.805643983455, 16.69814296229 47.807719413411, 16.706393466527 47.815498326299, 16.723787205761 47.836000976948, 16.717888877334 47.841351253141, 16.733289433974 47.858432267357, 16.730621329467 47.879572557542, 16.721355066959 47.889313018579, 16.735323317997 47.902210384182, 16.748047576826 47.900261594912, 16.769681919909 47.914459747317, 16.758703726946 47.922496303503, 16.797652750859 47.939099017436, 16.830743547867 47.93324992562, 16.836611152676 47.924848267687, 16.84616744847 47.917381654353, 16.833610984971 47.87783965115, 16.85073154198 47.873351470882, 16.851076939634 47.873472606322, 16.851360526598 47.873165508828, 16.851536978715 47.872817144365, 16.851750976829 47.87243965358, 16.851581958063 47.872180602265, 16.851296332334 47.871887860848, 16.851113025587 47.871600265785, 16.850747985946 47.871182881593, 16.850435562061 47.870805232772, 16.850159910642 47.870387545971, 16.850130962786 47.86997208075, 16.849893425081 47.869621405889, 16.849557024692 47.869340976392, 16.848764007366 47.868877069631, 16.848189103758 47.868618775905, 16.847885671845 47.868432249299, 16.844562680328 47.866350239286, 16.826719836362 47.834747589848, 16.827001409345 47.834684288969, 16.827462906118 47.834451722156, 16.827776829794 47.834302912048, 16.82801715979 47.83418535057, 16.828368380848 47.834010214051, 16.82875426037 47.83382072295, 16.829009867302 47.833597380383, 16.828873267463 47.833390862623, 16.828661221475 47.833191982512, 16.828479393651 47.832963765598, 16.828338513606 47.832639356945, 16.828231026632 47.832280535469, 16.828077763254 47.831979348859, 16.827956278087 47.83171238595, 16.82788506602 47.831557881657, 16.827842180445 47.83146668641, 16.827799458363 47.831373060719, 16.827750540033 47.831260516536, 16.827701621945 47.831147972328, 16.827654347707 47.831051732586, 16.827625428545 47.831004729391, 16.827568235556 47.830940086519, 16.857345208874 47.817909155282, 16.858778008643 47.818169007025, 16.859164008643 47.818025007025, 16.861610008649 47.819091007027, 16.863842008654 47.819552007027, 16.866546008659 47.819725007027, 16.869721008666 47.820301007028, 16.870279008668 47.820042007027, 16.865473008657 47.814682007017, 16.863273527848 47.813339591883, 16.862146860681 47.807862701216, 16.865118369176 47.806829793353, 16.866191280213 47.80670389627, 16.867188261164 47.806578042839, 16.868185237226 47.806452180762, 16.868915790357 47.806361486671, 16.869590693429 47.806242872555, 16.88065447354 47.803969879531, 16.881169567644 47.804348950849, 16.882043509648 47.804807661029, 16.883273328142 47.804867522109, 16.883765750188 47.804479027278, 16.884829354758 47.803495281677, 16.885324980161 47.803039341789, 16.885817785335 47.802551022035, 16.885497459548 47.802089256585, 16.885476265125 47.801833521216, 16.885559560843 47.801213606922, 16.887201428793 47.800758604083, 16.897914573976 47.795522982631, 16.898897233449 47.795996967745, 16.900151063192 47.796350306076, 16.901319442155 47.796317954723, 16.901488882196 47.795777469099, 16.902517833715 47.795648440482, 16.904314110125 47.796343686406, 16.905848271609 47.79668031696, 16.907216598528 47.796613911183, 16.908259454546 47.796467780961, 16.908937877334 47.796147960489, 16.909739951037 47.795999881413, 16.911589685333 47.795502702453, 16.912035789811 47.794933137193, 16.912484543132 47.79423573226, 16.912543920398 47.793522963979, 16.91237415585 47.793254262832, 16.911785759445 47.792309444351, 16.911387374682 47.791628289802, 16.911193917741 47.791399007258, 16.936584218944 47.78150683437, 16.936213583989 47.780943547685, 16.935885097527 47.780121736836, 16.935927744365 47.779473186117, 16.936262136993 47.778759067586, 16.936452008319 47.778285519872, 16.936725471509 47.777458652759, 16.936577861506 47.777009637729, 16.934255106197 47.775894368078, 16.932674669309 47.77583337458, 16.896360495769 47.773048046189, 16.896114008723 47.771229006922, 16.897402008726 47.77030600692, 16.895771008722 47.767999006916, 16.892939008716 47.769326006919, 16.892080008714 47.768749006918, 16.891050008712 47.770191006921, 16.888990008708 47.770652006922, 16.886158008701 47.770710006923, 16.8853000087 47.771460006924, 16.883264948278 47.770687031337, 16.884954506032 47.765007818443, 16.886244008702 47.765345006912, 16.888819008707 47.765460006911, 16.889334008708 47.76499900691, 16.890707008711 47.765345006911, 16.89465500872 47.76494100691, 16.886415008702 47.758768006898, 16.886930008703 47.756344006893, 16.884613008698 47.755363006891, 16.884098008697 47.755652006892, 16.882811008694 47.755305006891, 16.881866008692 47.756286006893, 16.880072947775 47.756668685394, 16.869269322463 47.75209627306, 16.872382008671 47.750116006882, 16.875687008678 47.750232006882, 16.879549008687 47.749972006881, 16.883154008695 47.750232006881, 16.883926008696 47.749337006879, 16.883669008696 47.748500006877, 16.883841008696 47.747433006875, 16.883240008695 47.746480006873, 16.881824008692 47.745268006871, 16.880364008688 47.74486400687, 16.879420008686 47.74486400687, 16.878047008683 47.745470006872, 16.87624500868 47.745615006872, 16.874743008676 47.743970006869, 16.871052008668 47.746942006876, 16.868563008663 47.748183006879, 16.869850008666 47.750116006882, 16.868208639823 47.751647262444, 16.86140099373 47.74876501474, 16.860992564917 47.747521100441, 16.860779525094 47.746647597883, 16.858069458934 47.738620653038, 16.858998609626 47.737319795409, 16.860853730037 47.73629086493, 16.861867637977 47.735646284263, 16.863969316919 47.734331294197, 16.864126214892 47.734197638661, 16.864424834262 47.73309475033, 16.866221674982 47.731030081305, 16.867431022957 47.729909119664, 16.868027413316 47.72944777276, 16.865885237621 47.7236280501, 16.865286280127 47.722992989231, 16.865301008655 47.722986006827, 16.865188449854 47.722889260261), (16.890338221469 47.772584992136, 16.89027800871 47.772441006926, 16.890965008712 47.771460006924, 16.894398008719 47.772729006926, 16.894279565147 47.772888079644, 16.890338221469 47.772584992136)), ((17.048035009052 47.736726006829, 17.044945009045 47.735629006827, 17.045889009048 47.735052006825, 17.049065009054 47.736206006827, 17.05164000906 47.733089006821, 17.038765009032 47.727431006811, 17.035847009026 47.725468006807, 17.031298009016 47.728066006813, 17.024946009002 47.734244006827, 17.031384009016 47.735629006829, 17.032585009019 47.732858006823, 17.046061009048 47.738862006833, 17.048035009052 47.736726006829)), ((16.89014900871 47.751155006882, 16.890879008711 47.753781006887, 16.891909008714 47.754502006888, 16.893067008716 47.754964006889, 16.895213008721 47.754560006888, 16.895514008722 47.755137006889, 16.896844008724 47.754588006888, 16.888390008706 47.746913006873, 16.887875008705 47.747606006875, 16.886930008703 47.748298006876, 16.89014900871 47.751155006882)), ((16.878605008687 47.909381007211, 16.883154008697 47.906332007204, 16.880579008691 47.906217007204, 16.879463008689 47.902879007197, 16.877747008685 47.902189007196, 16.877575008684 47.898909007189, 16.881180008692 47.898679007188, 16.880922008692 47.897816007187, 16.877060008683 47.897816007187, 16.877918008685 47.893730007179, 16.872339008673 47.89407500718, 16.872940008674 47.892464007177, 16.871738008672 47.889759007171, 16.868219008664 47.890046007172, 16.870365008669 47.885672007163, 16.86641700866 47.875713007143, 16.856718008639 47.877210007148, 16.855860008637 47.875944007145, 16.851997008628 47.876692007147, 16.85723300864 47.881470007156, 16.850023008624 47.881700007158, 16.854057008633 47.888895007172, 16.857748008641 47.896147007187, 16.858435008643 47.896895007188, 16.862040008651 47.896550007187, 16.862812008652 47.897701007189, 16.864357008656 47.898679007191, 16.866589008661 47.899369007192, 16.870451008669 47.905871007205, 16.861181008649 47.905613007206, 16.86152500865 47.909554007214, 16.863928008655 47.913753007222, 16.864185008655 47.916400007228, 16.865215008658 47.919563007234, 16.873455008676 47.913005007219, 16.87070800867 47.907425007208, 16.874399008678 47.907655007208, 16.878605008687 47.909381007211)))","coordinates":"POINT (16.765909 47.768868)","country":["Austria"],"elevation":{"avg":117,"min":114,"max":131,"unit":"msl"},"size":{"value":29232.16,"unit":"ha"},"relatedLocations":[{"title":"Eddy-Covariance measurement tower","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/locations\/","suffix":"4234987b-9031-4332-9bdd-f869d503ac51"},"changed":"2025-11-03T11:55:51+0100"},{"title":"Lake Neusiedl reed belt study area","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/locations\/","suffix":"b69ea0a5-42b3-45a8-93c1-59a3e0a8b256"},"changed":"2025-04-29T07:41:24+0200"},{"title":"Air quality monitoring centre - Federal Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt UBA)","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/locations\/","suffix":"0ddc7698-c2f0-4af3-ab0d-15c736383a8a"},"changed":"2025-04-29T07:38:52+0200"},{"title":"LTER - Biologische Station Neusiedler See - Biodiversity","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/locations\/","suffix":"9e12144c-f9cd-432f-aa8f-af4cd024be4c"},"changed":"2026-09-29T13:44:46+0200"},{"title":"Reed Belt Study Area - Dammweg Biologische Station","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/locations\/","suffix":"9161ba84-d0b8-460c-828e-3221ecb04fd0"},"changed":"2026-09-29T13:26:06+0200"}]},"focusDesignScale":{"experiments":{"design":"partly experimentation","scale":"micro sites"},"observations":{"design":"mainly observation","scale":"beyond catchment"},"observedProperties":[{"label":"air humidity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22032"},{"label":"air parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22033"},{"label":"air temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22035"},{"label":"atmospheric parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20937"},{"label":"atmospheric pressure","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22060"},{"label":"biological diversity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21391"},{"label":"biological parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20940"},{"label":"birds abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10020"},{"label":"birds presence","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10082"},{"label":"change in population size over time","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22085"},{"label":"chemical composition of water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21213"},{"label":"chemical parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10333"},{"label":"chlorophyll a content in water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21214"},{"label":"chlorophyll content of water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10088"},{"label":"dissolved organic carbon in water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10307"},{"label":"ecosystem parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20939"},{"label":"electrical conductivity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21552"},{"label":"environmental parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20941"},{"label":"faunistic diversity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22119"},{"label":"floristic composition","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22121"},{"label":"floristic diversity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22122"},{"label":"lake temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10011"},{"label":"land cover","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22142"},{"label":"land use","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22143"},{"label":"landscape parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20943"},{"label":"maximum temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21529"},{"label":"mean annual air temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21530"},{"label":"mean annual precipitation","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22166"},{"label":"mean annual temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21531"},{"label":"methane concentration","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22167"},{"label":"minimum temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21532"},{"label":"oxygen concentration","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30179"},{"label":"oxygen saturation","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21215"},{"label":"ozone concentration","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22178"},{"label":"pH value of water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21218"},{"label":"percent carbon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22181"},{"label":"percent nitrogen","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22182"},{"label":"percent organic carbon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22183"},{"label":"physical parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20938"},{"label":"plant diversity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22191"},{"label":"population density","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22198"},{"label":"population size","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22199"},{"label":"precipitation intensity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22204"},{"label":"relative humidity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21579"},{"label":"sea ice extent","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22223"},{"label":"sea level","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22224"},{"label":"sea surface temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22225"},{"label":"secchi depth","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22226"},{"label":"solar radiation","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22284"},{"label":"species list","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22286"},{"label":"water depth","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22310"},{"label":"water level","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30025"},{"label":"water parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20945"},{"label":"water quality","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22312"},{"label":"water salinity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10308"},{"label":"water temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22313"},{"label":"water turbidity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21217"},{"label":"wind direction","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22317"},{"label":"wind speed","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22319"},{"label":"zooplankton abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30019"},{"label":"zooplankton biomass","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30022"}]},"infrastructure":{"accessibleAllYear":true,"accessType":"boat","allPartsAccessible":false,"maintenanceInterval":null,"permanentPowerSupply":true,"operation":{"permanent":true,"notes":null,"siteVisitInterval":null},"notes":null,"collection":[{"label":"2 - 5 places","uri":null},{"label":"6 - 10 beds","uri":null},{"label":"Boat","uri":null},{"label":"Vehicle 2WD","uri":null},{"label":"Vehicle 4WD","uri":null}],"data":{"policy":{"url":null,"rights":["Co-authorship on publications resulting from use of the dataset"],"notes":null}}},"relatedResources":[{"id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/activity\/","suffix":"b35b95c9-43a1-43e6-bcec-6b39d6032465"},"title":"Long-term chlorophyll-a  lake monitoring at Biological Station Lake Neusiedl","changed":"2021-07-21T12:33:32+02:00"},{"id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/activity\/","suffix":"404d98e1-8411-486d-a5bc-ce4556016ca6"},"title":"Long-term lake chemistry monitoring at Biological Station Lake Neusiedl  ","changed":"2021-07-21T12:34:06+02:00"},{"id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/activity\/","suffix":"22983172-c53c-4ae9-9623-66f92cb222e3"},"title":"Long-term lake physics monitoring at Biological Station Lake Neusiedl","changed":"2021-07-21T12:34:21+02:00"},{"id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/activity\/","suffix":"048f7c41-7f1c-4efe-a188-444a9c3bf056"},"title":"Monitoring bird populations including breeding bird survey at Biological Station Lake Neusiedl","changed":"2021-07-21T13:35:40+02:00"},{"id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/activity\/","suffix":"f979bec0-0f01-4de1-8bce-7d4398ec2f06"},"title":"Biologische Station Neusiedler See - Austria - atmospheric parameter, air humidity, air temperature, global radiation irradiance, maximum temperature, mean annual precipitation, mean annual temperature, minimum temperature, net radiation irradiance, preci","changed":"2024-02-13T08:31:59+01:00"},{"id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/activity\/","suffix":"b1f7f105-630c-44e1-88a8-4b3c5b0764a2"},"title":"High resolution monitoring of hydrology (Hydrological PLSC_sensors and Waterquality_Multiparameter_sensor) in the wetland (soda pans, \u0022Seewinkel\u0022) at Biological Station Lake Neusiedl  ","changed":"2021-07-21T12:30:31+02:00"},{"id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/activity\/","suffix":"6507ae86-58d9-4515-93b3-bf98e04ca05c"},"title":"High resolution monitoring of water quality (Multiparameter Hydrolab-Sensors and PLSC_sensors) in the lake and the reed belt of Lake Neusiedl at Biological Station Lake Neusiedl ","changed":"2021-07-21T12:30:44+02:00"}],"projectRelated":{"lter":{"lterSiteClassification":"Regular Site"}}}}