{"title":"Nationalpark Kellerwald-Edersee - Germany","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"5c11903f-9b21-47ee-a72b-13d5ef4b7db7"},"type":"site","created":"2013-12-10T19:22:38+01:00","changed":"2025-12-15T09:21:16+01:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":[{"network":{"name":"ICP Forests","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"4e44c094-f4f7-4882-bfe5-685b666a0dc7"}},"siteCode":"04_608","verified":false},{"network":{"name":"ILTER","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"1aa7ccb2-a14b-43d6-90ac-5e0a6bc1d65b"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"LTER Europe","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"4742ffca-65ac-4aae-815f-83738500a1fc"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"LTER-D (Germany)","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"e904354a-f3a0-40ce-a9b5-61741f66c824"}},"siteCode":"LTER_EU_DE_015","verified":true}],"projects":[{"label":"ICP Forests (Level II)","uri":null}]},"contact":{"siteManager":[{"type":"person","name":"Achim Frede","email":"Achim.Frede@nationalpark.hessen.de","orcid":null}],"operatingOrganisation":null,"metadataProvider":[{"type":"person","name":"Werner Fortmann-Valtink","email":null,"orcid":null}],"fundingAgency":null,"siteUrl":[{"title":"Nationalpark Kellerwald-Edersee (Monitoring and Research)","value":"http:\/\/www.nationalpark-kellerwald-edersee.de\/en\/research"}]},"general":{"abstract":"The first national park in Hesse protects one of the last large beech forests in Central Europe which is neither dissected by roads nor settlements on a total surface area of 5,738 ha. Its Luzulo-Fagetum beech forests of the lower altitudinal zone are among the last ones in Central Europe as regards size, coherence and closeness to nature. They are characterized by an outstandingly high proportion of deadwood and remnants of primeval forest. Typical cohabitations of birds and bats as well as inhabitants of deadwood including primeval forest indicators are distinguishing features of the calm forest landscape \u2013 evidencing the international importance and qualification to be recognized as World Natural Heritage. Hardwoods and rocky slope forests, dry oak forests, streamside forests, firewitch-vegetated bedrocks, pure-water springs and creeks as well as wooded meadow valleys and remnants of rough pastures complete the extraordinary ensemble.","citation":null,"relatedIdentifiers":null,"status":{"label":"Operational","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/elter_cl\/10772"},"yearEstablished":2004,"yearClosed":null,"relatedSites":null,"siteName":"Nationalpark Kellerwald-Edersee","shortName":"DE-15-KW","siteType":"Stationary land-based site","protectionLevel":[{"label":"Category II \u2013 National Park","uri":"http:\/\/dd.eionet.europa.eu\/vocabularyconcept\/cdda\/IucnCategoryValue\/II"}],"landUse":null,"images":[{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/nationalpark-kellerwald-edersee-germany_5827.png","alt":"Nationalpark Kellerwald-Edersee"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/nationalpark-kellerwald-edersee-germany_5834.png","alt":"most impressive panorama of the Nationalpark Kellerwald-Edersee"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/nationalpark-kellerwald-edersee-germany_5832.png","alt":"Beeches and Oaks "},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/nationalpark-kellerwald-edersee-germany_5833.png","alt":"forest landscape "},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/nationalpark-kellerwald-edersee-germany_5835.png","alt":"One of a hundred bizarre beeches"}]},"environmentalCharacteristics":{"airTemperature":{"yearlyAverage":7,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"\u00b0C","referencePeriod":null},"precipitation":{"yearlyAverage":700,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"mm","referencePeriod":null},"biogeographicalRegion":"continental","biome":"deciduous_forest","ecosystemType":[{"label":"Deciduous Forest","uri":null},{"label":"Forest","uri":null},{"label":"Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests","uri":null}],"eunisHabitat":[{"label":"Broadleaved deciduous woodland (G1)","uri":null},{"label":"Habitat complexes (X)","uri":null},{"label":"Mixed deciduous and coniferous woodland (G4)","uri":null},{"label":"Woodland, forest and other wooded land (G)","uri":null}],"landforms":null,"geoBonBiome":["Terrestrial"],"geology":"The small low mountain range of Kellerwald consists of about 300 to 400 million year old marine deposits which were folded into mountains.\r\nThe base rocks of the National Park are ancient shale and Greywacke (Carboniferous \/ Devonian). Particularly the northern slopes and cliff bottoms are fillded with alluvial sediments, the wider valleys have Loess-loam sediment. Locally one finds siliceous shale, and in seams diabase (greenstone).\r\nParticularly the northern slopes and cliff bottoms are fillded with alluvial sediments, the wider valleys have Loess-loam sediment.\r\nThe acidic basic rocks create mainly nutrient poor non-basic soils.","hydrology":null,"soils":"The varied relief of the National Park is again reflected in the mosaic of the soil types. The acidic base rocks (Greywacke, clay slate and siliceous slate) have given the National Park predominantly medium depth brown earth with medium to low base saturation.\r\nOn hillsides and in valley floors, as well as on some saddles, a layer of loess loam and loess-containing colluvium is found here and there. Deeper, nutrient\r\nricher brown earths have developed here, with noticeably luxuriant vegetation, especially in spring. On dry slopes and hilltops, shallow brown earth and ranker have developed. In this nutrient- and water poor area, beech-oak-dry woods mostly grow, often with acid and infertile soil indicator species in the herb layer. The raw soil types like syrosem or regosol are found on extremes of cliff or scree areas. Due to the barren situation, often only specially adapted mosses and lichens can live, and trees rarely grow.\r\nIn the broader stream valleys, more nutrient and base rich alluvial soils have developed, e.g. gleys. In spring areas and in humid hollows, higher ground\r\nwater produces gleys and pseudogleys. Under particularly oxygen poor, waterlogged conditions, a mosaic of half-bog gley soils develops.","vegetation":"In the National Park typical plants of deciduous forests are enriched by rare and specialised species of dry and humid biotopes from natural and cultivated\r\nlandscapes. Up to now 635 ferns and flowering plants has been verified in the National Park.\r\nDetailed surveys, including more than 1100 species, are now also available for fungi. Primarily for fungi colonising wood, numerous rarities and new\r\ndiscoveries can be denoted ? it is expected to be about more than 1.500 species."},"geographic":{"boundaries":null,"coordinates":"POINT (8.978149 51.146107)","country":["Germany"],"elevation":{"avg":406,"min":198,"max":626,"unit":"msl"},"size":{"value":5738,"unit":"ha"},"relatedLocations":[{"title":"National Park Kellerwald-Edersee","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/locations\/","suffix":"e20a7728-d76f-4565-9d07-e09faf5d8af4"},"changed":"2024-05-07T14:22:05+0200"},{"title":"NP Kellerwald intensive forest monitoring plot","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/locations\/","suffix":"98cf0510-20c4-4a88-a3cf-38b8373e1a69"},"changed":"2024-05-07T14:22:57+0200"}]},"focusDesignScale":{"experiments":{"design":"partly experimentation","scale":"micro sites"},"observations":{"design":"mainly observation","scale":"plot within catchment"},"observedProperties":[{"label":"acid neutralising capacity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10310"},{"label":"air humidity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22032"},{"label":"air temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22035"},{"label":"atmospheric parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20937"},{"label":"available phosphorus","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22061"},{"label":"base saturation","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22065"},{"label":"biological parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20940"},{"label":"canopy cover rate","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22076"},{"label":"canopy height","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22079"},{"label":"carbon-to-nitrogen ratio","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21350"},{"label":"cation exchange capacity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22084"},{"label":"conductivity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22089"},{"label":"dissolved nutrient","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22107"},{"label":"dissolved organic carbon in soil","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22045"},{"label":"dissolved organic carbon in water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10307"},{"label":"dissolved organic nitrogen in soil","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22045"},{"label":"diversity index","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21513"},{"label":"ecosystem parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20939"},{"label":"ecosystem structure","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21475"},{"label":"forest structure","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21477"},{"label":"global radiation irradiance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22125"},{"label":"inorganic carbon content","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22135"},{"label":"inorganic nitrogen content","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22136"},{"label":"inorganic nutrient content","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22137"},{"label":"interception","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22139"},{"label":"leaf area","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22156"},{"label":"leaf area ratio","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22158"},{"label":"leaf nutrient","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22125"},{"label":"litter residence time","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10048"},{"label":"nitrogen content","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22174"},{"label":"ozone concentration","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22178"},{"label":"percent carbon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22181"},{"label":"percent organic carbon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22183"},{"label":"plant carbon concentration","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22187"},{"label":"plant cover","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22188"},{"label":"plant height","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22192"},{"label":"plant nitrogen concentration","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22193"},{"label":"plant nutrient","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22194"},{"label":"potential evaporation","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10017"},{"label":"precipitation intensity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22204"},{"label":"root density","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22216"},{"label":"soil alkalinity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22038"},{"label":"soil bulk density","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22245"},{"label":"soil dry bulk density","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22248"},{"label":"soil moisture field capacity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10396"},{"label":"soil nitrate leaching","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10053"},{"label":"soil nutrient","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22260"},{"label":"soil organic residual","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22262"},{"label":"soil pH","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22264"},{"label":"soil parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20944"},{"label":"soil solute amount","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22272"},{"label":"soil solution concentration","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22274"},{"label":"soil texture","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22279"},{"label":"soil wilting point","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30036"},{"label":"species abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10018"},{"label":"species group abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10021"},{"label":"species turnover","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22288"},{"label":"specific conductivity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22289"},{"label":"thickness of soil horizon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22295"},{"label":"total carbon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22296"},{"label":"total organic carbon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22297"},{"label":"tree age","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22300"},{"label":"tree basal area","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22301"},{"label":"tree condition","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22302"},{"label":"tree diameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22303"},{"label":"tree diameter at breast height","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22304"},{"label":"tree height","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22305"},{"label":"water acidity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22030"},{"label":"water alkalinity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10303"},{"label":"water parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20945"},{"label":"wind direction","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22317"},{"label":"wind direction (mean and gust)","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22318"},{"label":"wind speed","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22319"},{"label":"wind speed (mean and gust)","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22320"}]},"infrastructure":{"accessibleAllYear":false,"accessType":"regular car","allPartsAccessible":true,"maintenanceInterval":null,"permanentPowerSupply":false,"operation":{"permanent":false,"notes":null,"siteVisitInterval":null},"notes":null,"collection":[{"label":"\u003E 10 beds","uri":null},{"label":"\u003E 5 places","uri":null},{"label":"Data portal","uri":null},{"label":"GMS\/UMTS","uri":null},{"label":"Paper","uri":null},{"label":"Relational database","uri":null},{"label":"Spatial data file (GIS)","uri":null},{"label":"Spatial database (GIS)","uri":null},{"label":"Structured file","uri":null},{"label":"Telephone line","uri":null},{"label":"Temperature Controlled Container","uri":null},{"label":"Vehicle 2WD","uri":null},{"label":"Web Map Service (WMS)","uri":null},{"label":"XML database","uri":null}],"data":{"policy":{"url":null,"rights":null,"notes":null}}},"relatedResources":[{"id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/dataset\/","suffix":"96a7741d-871c-492f-a446-75cfec819d14"},"title":"NP Kellerwald, biodiversity, 2012-2019","changed":"2021-01-22T14:44:53+01:00"}],"projectRelated":{"lter":{"lterSiteClassification":"Extensive Site"}}}}