{"title":"Ichtegem - Wijnendale Forest - Belgium","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"5cdc558b-a0bc-4150-b8d1-8dd55870c7e8"},"type":"site","created":"2014-08-18T22:27:19+02:00","changed":"2025-01-07T11:14:56+01:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":[{"network":{"name":"GERI","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"c3abdc60-49f1-49db-81fe-863b7dbb21d3"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"ICP Forests","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"4e44c094-f4f7-4882-bfe5-685b666a0dc7"}},"siteCode":"2_11","verified":true},{"network":{"name":"ILTER","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"1aa7ccb2-a14b-43d6-90ac-5e0a6bc1d65b"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"LTER Belgium","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"735946e0-4e9e-484a-acee-85e31f4e2a2e"}},"siteCode":"LTER_EU_BE_05","verified":true},{"network":{"name":"LTER Europe","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"4742ffca-65ac-4aae-815f-83738500a1fc"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true}],"projects":[{"label":"FutMon","uri":"http:\/\/www.futmon.org\/"},{"label":"ICP Forests (Level II)","uri":null},{"label":"NEC Directive (2016\/2284)","uri":"http:\/\/data.europa.eu\/eli\/dir\/2016\/2284\/oj"},{"label":"Natura 2000","uri":"https:\/\/natura2000.eea.europa.eu\/"},{"label":"Teabag","uri":null},{"label":"eLTER (H2020)","uri":"https:\/\/cordis.europa.eu\/project\/id\/654359"}]},"contact":{"siteManager":[{"type":"person","name":"Kris Vandekerkhove","email":"Kris.Vandekerkhove@inbo.be","orcid":null}],"operatingOrganisation":[{"type":"organisation","name":"Agency For Nature and Forest (ANB)","url":"https:\/\/www.natuurenbos.be\/","ror":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04wcznf70"},{"type":"organisation","name":"Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)","url":"https:\/\/www.inbo.be","ror":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00j54wy13"}],"metadataProvider":[{"type":"person","name":"Koenraad Van Meerbeek","email":"koenraad.vanmeerbeek@kuleuven.be","orcid":null},{"type":"person","name":"Kris Vandekerkhove","email":"Kris.Vandekerkhove@inbo.be","orcid":null}],"fundingAgency":null,"siteUrl":[{"title":"Report on the first monitoring cycle at the strict forest reserve","value":"https:\/\/www.inbo.be\/en\/publications\/bosreservaat-wijnendalebos-monitoringrapport-monitoring-van-de-dendrometrisc"}]},"general":{"abstract":"The LTER-site of Wijnendale Forest is a 90 ha scientific zone located in a larger mixed atlantic beech-oak-woodland (300 ha), in the North-West of Belgium, 20 km south of Bruges. The site is located on moderately wet to dry sandy soils. The site is an ancient woodland that used to be managed as coppice with standards. Over the last 100 years it was gradually transformed to a mixed high forest, mainly of oak and beech.\r\nThe site contains\r\n- an ICP Forests Level II plot (0.25 ha), in which effects of air pollution on the forest ecosystem are monitored, according to standard protocols.\r\n- a strict forest reserve of 65 ha: here, natural dynamics of forest structure and ground vegetation are monitored, and its effects on biological diversity.\r\n- a 25 ha buffer zone, containing both forest and open grassland (extensively managed for nature conservation), where \u0027open field\u0027 measurements are performed.\r\nThe sampling network in the strict reserve includes \u003E100 sampling plots (0.1 ha) combined with a 1 ha core area. In these plots, full dendrometric surveys (tree position, species, DBH, height, ...) and ground vegetation relevees are performed every 10 years.\r\nAdditionally, standardised sampling of saproxylic beetles, mosses and fungi were performed and high-resolution air-borne LIDAR and hyperspectral data were recorded in 2012-2014.\r\nMain aims for the future are the continuation of the observational networks to provide longer robust time-series that allow more thorough analysis and investigation.","citation":null,"relatedIdentifiers":null,"status":{"label":"Operational","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/elter_cl\/10772"},"yearEstablished":1987,"yearClosed":null,"relatedSites":null,"siteName":"Ichtegem - Wijnendale Forest","shortName":"Wijnendale","siteType":"Stationary land-based site","protectionLevel":[{"label":"Category IV \u2013 Habitat\/Species Management Area","uri":"http:\/\/dd.eionet.europa.eu\/vocabularyconcept\/cdda\/IucnCategoryValue\/IV"}],"landUse":null,"images":[{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Wijnendale-2015-10-kvdk%2520%252840%2529.JPG","alt":"Large standing dead wood in the strict forest reserve area"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/wijnendale-voorpublicaties%2520%25282%2529.jpg","alt":"not defined"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/wijnendale_kernvlakte2010.jpg","alt":"Core monitoring area in the strict forest reserve"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/HYFOR_level2_201006_wijn_a01_scaled_smt_study_jpeg.jpg","alt":"not defined"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Wijnendale%2520moerasbos.jpg","alt":"not defined"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Wijnendale%2520Level%2520II%2520plot.JPG","alt":"Overview of the Level II plot with litterfall samplers, throughfall and stemflow collectors and lysimeters."},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Tea%2520bag%2520installation1.JPG","alt":"Installing teabags for global litter decomposition study"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Tea%2520bag%2520installation3.JPG","alt":"Setup for global litter decomposition study"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/LII11%2520soil%2520profile.jpg","alt":"Soil profile"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Wijnendale-Forest-Reserve-sampleplots.png","alt":"not defined"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Wijnendale-Forest-Reserve-fisheye.png","alt":"Fish-eye picture of the canopy"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Wijnendale-Forest-Reserve%2520%25282%2529.png","alt":"Majestic Quercus robur tree in the strict forest reserve area"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Wijnendale-Forest-Reserve-1775.png","alt":"Ancient map (De Ferraris, 1775) showing that the larger extent of the forest at that time"}]},"environmentalCharacteristics":{"airTemperature":{"yearlyAverage":11,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"\u00b0C","referencePeriod":null},"precipitation":{"yearlyAverage":867,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"mm","referencePeriod":null},"biogeographicalRegion":"atlantic","biome":"deciduous_forest","ecosystemType":[{"label":"Deciduous Forest","uri":null},{"label":"Forest","uri":null}],"eunisHabitat":[{"label":"Acidophilous oak-dominated woodland (G1.8)","uri":null},{"label":"Broadleaved deciduous woodland (G1)","uri":null},{"label":"Woodland, forest and other wooded land (G)","uri":null}],"landforms":null,"geoBonBiome":["Terrestrial"],"geology":null,"hydrology":null,"soils":null,"vegetation":null},"geographic":{"boundaries":"POLYGON ((3.0363731659819 51.06051822553, 3.036035229114 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ratio","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21350"},{"label":"cation exchange capacity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22084"},{"label":"chemical composition of water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21213"},{"label":"chemical parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10333"},{"label":"concentration of nitrogen in seeds","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22087"},{"label":"date of start of physiological maturity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22098"},{"label":"dissolved nutrient","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22107"},{"label":"dissolved organic carbon in water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10307"},{"label":"dissolved organic nitrogen","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10125"},{"label":"disturbance pattern","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21473"},{"label":"ecosystem 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salinity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22270"},{"label":"soil solution pH","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22276"},{"label":"soil temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22278"},{"label":"soil texture","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22279"},{"label":"soil volumetric water content","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22280"},{"label":"soil water content","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22281"},{"label":"soil water retention","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30034"},{"label":"soil wilting point","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30036"},{"label":"thickness of soil horizon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22295"},{"label":"total carbon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22296"},{"label":"total organic carbon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22297"},{"label":"tree basal 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