{"title":"Hoferm\u00fchle Landslide Monitoring Site - Austria","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"676fa13a-c211-4efa-8ace-c6ce7fcbde66"},"type":"site","created":"2020-11-17T13:45:00+01:00","changed":"2023-07-24T15:12:06+02:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":[{"network":{"name":"LTER Austria","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"d45c2690-dbef-4dbc-a742-26ea846edf28"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":false}],"projects":null},"contact":{"siteManager":[{"type":"person","name":"Thomas Glade","email":"thomas.glade@univie.ac.at","orcid":null}],"operatingOrganisation":null,"metadataProvider":null,"fundingAgency":null,"siteUrl":[{"title":null,"value":"https:\/\/www.noeslide.at\/index.php\/de\/"}]},"general":{"abstract":"The ENGAGE working group (Geomorphological Systems and Risk Research at the Institute for Geography and Regional Research) has been running a long-term monitoring project to investigate landslides in Lower Austria. Landslides (translational and rotational failures, debris flows, rock avalanches, rock falls, etc.) number among the most abundant natural hazards in Lower Austria. Resulting from sporadic phases of activity it is essential to generate specific long-term measurement series, enabling the analysis of changes in surface movements as well as underground in connection with triggering factors. Therefore, in 2014 the project \u201cNoeSLIDE \u2013 Monitoring diverse types of landslides in Lower Austria\u201d was initiated. The research sites are compiled under the parent site \u0022LTER NoeSLIDE\u0022 which has three subsites, of which one is the Hoferm\u00fchle Landslide Observatory. \r\n\r\nThe Hoferm\u00fchle site is located in the district of Waidhofen a.d. Ybbs, Lower Austria. The site is located in the Flysch Zone, a geologically predestined zone known to be extremely prone to landslide processes in Austria. Within the 0.15 km\u00b2 hydrological catchment of the Hoferm\u00fchle torrent, landslide processes can be defined as complex, being constituted by shallow earth sliding in the middle and gently inclined part of the catchment nearby the torrent, accumulation of material and resulting earth flowing down the steepening torrent path. It can be defined as complex earth slide - earth flow, which has shown different phases of activity in the last 10 years on different parts of the landslide mass. Major activation occurred in 2011 (subsidence via sliding by 2 m in 2 weeks), re-activation in 2013 (formation of earth flow with 20m\/h) and processes have slowed down significantly since then to only a few cm to dm per year on the parts affected by sliding \u2013 as far as known. \r\nTo investigate both surface and sub-surface dynamics and potential interrelations, a varity of permant and individual measurement techniques are applied at the study site. Direct investigations include dynamic probing, percussion drilling and core sampling. Hydro-meteorological parameters are acquired via TDRs (time domain reflectrometry) probes, piezometers for groundwater estimation and a meteorological station (precipitation, temperature, snow height, wind, solar radiation). Sub-surface displacements are measured with both manual and automatic inclinometers. Surface dynamics are investigated via multi-temporal TLS (terrestrial laser scanning) and UAV-based SfM (unmanned aerial vehicle; structure from motion) data. Data from permanent installations is given in 5 min resolution (TDR, piezometer, meteorological station, inclinometer). ","citation":null,"relatedIdentifiers":null,"status":{"label":"Operational","uri":"http:\/\/codes.wmo.int\/wmdr\/ReportingStatus\/operational"},"yearEstablished":2014,"yearClosed":null,"relatedSites":[{"typeOfRelationship":{"label":"belongs to","uri":"null"},"listOfSites":[{"type":"site","title":"LTER NoeSLIDE - Austria","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"18998d9a-7ff5-4e9d-a971-9694e0a4914d"},"changed":"2023-07-24T11:38:31+0200"}]}],"siteName":"Hoferm\u00fchle Landslide Monitoring Site","shortName":"Hoferm\u00fchle Landslide","siteType":"Stationary land-based site","protectionLevel":[{"label":"Category V \u2013 Protected Landscape\/Seascape\/Area","uri":"http:\/\/dd.eionet.europa.eu\/vocabularyconcept\/cdda\/IucnCategoryValue\/V"}],"landUse":null,"images":[{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2021-05\/Stumvoll_HfM_20210222_0.jpg","alt":"View from opposite valley side (towards NW)"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2021-05\/Schmaltz_HfM_2019-05-25.jpg","alt":"Main study area; investigation of surface via UAV"}]},"environmentalCharacteristics":{"airTemperature":{"yearlyAverage":9,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"\u00b0C","referencePeriod":null},"precipitation":{"yearlyAverage":1170,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"mm","referencePeriod":null},"biogeographicalRegion":"alpine","biome":null,"ecosystemType":[{"label":"Agricultural","uri":null},{"label":"Forest","uri":null},{"label":"Mixed Forest","uri":null}],"eunisHabitat":null,"landforms":null,"geoBonBiome":null,"geology":"Complex geological transition zone of Helvetic, Penninic and Austroalpine (Oberostalpin) tectonic units. At study site Helvetic and Penninic formations (Flysch and Klippen Zone; clays, marls and sandstones). ","hydrology":null,"soils":null,"vegetation":null},"geographic":{"boundaries":"POLYGON ((14.71536 47.950922, 14.71536 47.951354, 14.714974 47.951627, 14.713665 47.951612, 14.713386 47.951267, 14.714459 47.949916, 14.715189 47.949155, 14.715736 47.949394, 14.716004 47.950563, 14.71536 47.950922))","coordinates":"POINT (14.71451 47.950061)","country":["Austria"],"elevation":{"avg":560,"min":580,"max":540,"unit":"msl"},"size":{"value":15,"unit":"ha"},"relatedLocations":null},"focusDesignScale":{"experiments":{"design":null,"scale":null},"observations":{"design":null,"scale":"entire catchment"},"observedProperties":[{"label":"air humidity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22032"},{"label":"air temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22035"},{"label":"atmospheric parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20937"},{"label":"atmospheric pressure","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22060"},{"label":"groundwater level","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22126"},{"label":"landscape parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20943"},{"label":"landscape structure","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22152"},{"label":"precipitation intensity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22204"},{"label":"snow depth","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22240"},{"label":"soil moisture content","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10039"},{"label":"soil parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20944"},{"label":"soil particle size","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22265"},{"label":"solar radiation","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22284"},{"label":"water parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20945"},{"label":"wind direction","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22317"},{"label":"wind speed","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22319"}]},"infrastructure":{"accessibleAllYear":true,"accessType":"paved road","allPartsAccessible":true,"maintenanceInterval":30,"permanentPowerSupply":true,"operation":{"permanent":true,"notes":"30 days interval for individual measurements; \r\n5 minutes interval for automatic sensor data acquisition","siteVisitInterval":30},"notes":null,"collection":[{"label":"Cable based","uri":null},{"label":"Central station(s)","uri":null},{"label":"GMS\/UMTS","uri":null}],"data":{"policy":{"url":null,"rights":null,"notes":null}}},"relatedResources":null,"projectRelated":{"lter":{"lterSiteClassification":null}}}}