{"title":"Birnie Burn - United Kingdom","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"8747ccf7-52af-4a83-a558-71a768b81a30"},"type":"site","created":"2012-12-25T19:03:28+01:00","changed":"2023-07-28T09:55:48+02:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":[{"network":{"name":"ILTER","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"1aa7ccb2-a14b-43d6-90ac-5e0a6bc1d65b"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"LTER Europe","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"4742ffca-65ac-4aae-815f-83738500a1fc"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"UK ECN","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"a197664f-569e-4df6-933a-86de676dbfc5"}},"siteCode":"LTER_EU_UK_044","verified":true}],"projects":[{"label":"eLTER (H2020)","uri":"https:\/\/cordis.europa.eu\/project\/id\/654359"}]},"contact":{"siteManager":[{"type":"person","name":"Helen Watson","email":"helen.watson@hutton.ac.uk","orcid":null}],"operatingOrganisation":[{"type":"organisation","name":"James Hutton Institute","url":"https:\/\/www.hutton.ac.uk\/","ror":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03rzp5127"}],"metadataProvider":[{"type":"person","name":"Andrew Sier [Primary ECN contact]","email":"arjs@ceh.ac.uk","orcid":null}],"fundingAgency":null,"siteUrl":[{"title":"ECN web site","value":"https:\/\/ecn.ac.uk\/"}]},"general":{"abstract":"UK ECN site.  This ECN freshwater sampling site is a small stream co-located with the James Hutton Institute\u0027s terrestrial site at Glensaugh. Glensaugh Research station is located 35 miles south west of Aberdeen, NE Scotland. (NGR NO 671783) on the edge of the Grampian hills and covers over 1100 hectares. There is a small amount of woodland (5ha) and some short term and permanent grassland (150ha) but the dominant cover is semi-natural vegetation which accounts for the remaining area.\r\n\r\nThe Birnie Burn drains a small upland catchment of 0.8 km2 located toward the northern boundary of the research station. The highest hills in the catchment are to the North where they reach an altitude of around 450m. The ECN sampling point and gauging station are located less than 1km south of the stream source at an altitude of 240m a.s.l. The soils and the vegetation within the catchment area can be broadly classified into three zones. The upper zone (\u003E400m a.s.l.) is characterised by hill peats developed on gentle slopes and covered by peat mosses (Sphagnum sp) and cotton grass (Eriophurum vaginatum). The middle zone (350-400m a.s.l.) features freely drained podzols that have developed in thin glacial till on the steeper slopes. The dominant vegetation types in this zone are heather (Calluna vulgaris), blaeberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and wavy hair grass (Deschampsia flexuosa). The lower zone (220-350m a.s.l.) has freely draining iron podzols developed on thin glacial tills on steep heather and blaeberry covered slopes.\r\n\r\nThe hydrology of the Birnie Burn is typical of upland headwaters in general, in that a combination of steep slopes and thin soils allows precipitation to be delivered rapidly to the stream, resulting in quite a flashy run-off regime. The stream channel is narrow (generally less than 1m) during base-flow conditions and depths vary from 10-20cm along some shallow riffled sections reaches to deeper pools of up to 80cm. Note: this site is a single point sampling location on a river. The shape file indicates the Glensaugh site.","citation":null,"relatedIdentifiers":null,"status":{"label":"Operational","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/elter_cl\/10772"},"yearEstablished":2004,"yearClosed":null,"relatedSites":[{"typeOfRelationship":{"label":"belongs to","uri":"null"},"listOfSites":[{"type":"site","title":"Glensaugh - United Kingdom","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"1c4d454d-0c00-49f9-a7fe-3a3e596c3648"},"changed":"2023-07-28T10:01:12+0200"}]}],"siteName":"Birnie Burn","shortName":"R27","siteType":"Stationary land-based site","protectionLevel":null,"landUse":null,"images":[{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2022-07\/GLE-GS_Birnie.jpg","alt":"Stream monitoring point on Birnie Burn"}]},"environmentalCharacteristics":{"airTemperature":{"yearlyAverage":6.87,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"\u00b0C","referencePeriod":null},"precipitation":{"yearlyAverage":1130.1,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"mm","referencePeriod":null},"biogeographicalRegion":"atlantic","biome":"freshwater_rivers","ecosystemType":[{"label":"Rivers","uri":null},{"label":"Small rivers","uri":null}],"eunisHabitat":[{"label":"Inland surface waters (C)","uri":null},{"label":"Permanent non-tidal, fast, turbulent watercourses (C2.2)","uri":null},{"label":"Surface running waters (C2)","uri":null}],"landforms":null,"geoBonBiome":["Fresh water rivers"],"geology":"The catchment lies to the north of The Highland Boundary fault and is underlain by Dalradian Schists.","hydrology":"The Birnie Burn drains a small upland catchment of 0.8 km2 located toward the northern boundary of the research station. The highest hills in the catchment are to the North where they reach an altitude of around 450m. The ECN sampling point and gauging station are located less than 1km south of the stream source at an altitude of 240m a.s.l. The hydrology of the Birnie Burn is typical of upland headwaters in general, in that a combination of steep slopes and thin soils allows precipitation to be delivered rapidly to the stream resulting in quite a flashy run-off regime. The stream channel is narrow (generally less than 1m) during base-flow conditions and depths vary from 10-20cm along some shallow riffled sections reaches to deeper pools of up to 80cm.  There is an instrumented paired stream (Cairn Burn) with a similar size catchment area located nearby and for which data is available.","soils":"The soils (and the vegetation) within the catchment area can be broadly classified into three zones. Upper zone (\u003E400m a.s.l.): hill peats. Middle zone (350-400m a.s.l.): freely drained podzols that have developed in thin glacial till on the steeper slopes. Lower zone (220-350m a.s.l.): freely draining iron podzols developed on thin glacial tills.","vegetation":"The Birnie Burn catchment area ( 0.8 km2) is dominated by semi natural vegetation, however in the wider research area (Glensaugh Lter) the vegetation can be classified as follows. There is a small amount of woodland (5ha) and some short term and permanent grassland (150ha) but the dominant cover is semi-natural vegetation which accounts for the remaining area.The vegetation (and soils) within the catchment area can be broadly classified into three zones. Upper zone (\u003E400m a.s.l.): peat mosses (Sphagnum sp) and cotton grass (Eriophurum vaginatum). Middle zone (350-400m a.s.l.): dominated by heather (Calluna vulgaris), blaeberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and wavy hair grass (Deschampsia flexuasa). Lower zone (220-350m a.s.l.): steep heather and blaeberry covered slopes."},"geographic":{"boundaries":"POLYGON ((-2.5389410646386 56.924885498862, -2.5382111479924 56.924751641826, -2.5373179066591 56.924791418277, -2.5363837213414 56.924911655593, -2.5353248042785 56.924998169737, -2.5332278037144 56.925228914634, -2.5323563831502 56.925360083701, -2.5314024546325 56.925538200159, -2.5305507425964 56.925612001937, -2.5298259146145 56.925799802116, -2.5289334290583 56.925931597991, -2.5284579200675 56.926106544215, -2.52787770771 56.926247680453, -2.5268606118565 56.926391217073, -2.526009385453 56.926464985791, -2.5256346549126 56.926432872885, -2.5258000195988 56.926363115677, -2.5258998370684 56.926086448119, -2.5260838157363 56.925843676628, -2.5262661782082 56.925486369878, -2.5265319961901 56.925185982319, -2.5268416855494 56.925011742181, -2.5272133231981 56.924825449007, -2.5277084105837 56.924547112611, -2.5281809750615 56.924164995665, -2.5287370393506 56.923770732743, 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