{"title":"Guaragua\u00e7u River - Brazil","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"a368ecb8-635d-479e-a811-9002a5755aff"},"type":"site","created":"2025-05-27T13:52:11+02:00","changed":"2025-05-28T14:55:19+02:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":[{"network":{"name":"LTER Brazil","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"d22789fb-4663-4a77-a6ec-ddb279906cc9"}},"siteCode":"GUAR","verified":false}],"projects":null},"contact":{"siteManager":[{"type":"person","name":"Andre Padial","email":"aapadial@ufpr.br","orcid":" https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8766-5974"}],"operatingOrganisation":[{"type":"organisation","name":"Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1","url":"https:\/\/ufpr.br\/","ror":null}],"metadataProvider":[{"type":"organisation","name":"Andre Andrian Padial","url":"https:\/\/lasbufprbio.wixsite.com\/home?lang=en","ror":null}],"fundingAgency":[{"type":"organisation","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","url":"http:\/\/www.cnpq.br","ror":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03swz6y49"}],"siteUrl":[{"title":"Guaragua\u00e7u Project","value":"https:\/\/lasbufprbio.wixsite.com\/home\/projeto-guaraguacu?lang=en"}]},"general":{"abstract":"The Guaragua\u00e7u River is a subtropical tidal coastal river located in Paran\u00e1 State, Brazil. It spans a pronounced environmental gradient, beginning in a near-pristine floodplain nourished by clean waters from streams originating in a well-preserved mountain range. This region is characterized by the amphibious tree caixeta, a species deeply embedded in traditional cultures for its use in crafting musical instruments, shoes, and boats. As it flows downstream, the river passes through a region affected by human settlement, mining activities, and intense biological invasion by macrophytes. This stretch is paradoxically used both for effluent dilution and as a water source for local municipalities. Further along, the river reaches a well-preserved mangrove area near a major bay, where protected sites and indigenous villages are found along its margins. This final section supports fishing and seafood harvesting, activities deeply rooted in the traditional cultures of local communities.","citation":"https:\/\/lasbufprbio.wixsite.com\/home?lang=en","relatedIdentifiers":null,"status":{"label":"Operational","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/elter_cl\/10772"},"yearEstablished":2025,"yearClosed":null,"relatedSites":null,"siteName":"Guaragua\u00e7u River","shortName":"GUAR","siteType":"not applicable","protectionLevel":[{"label":"Category II \u2013 National Park","uri":"http:\/\/dd.eionet.europa.eu\/vocabularyconcept\/cdda\/IucnCategoryValue\/II"},{"label":"Category IV \u2013 Habitat\/Species Management Area","uri":"http:\/\/dd.eionet.europa.eu\/vocabularyconcept\/cdda\/IucnCategoryValue\/IV"},{"label":"Category Ia \u2013 Strict Nature Reserve","uri":"http:\/\/dd.eionet.europa.eu\/vocabularyconcept\/cdda\/IucnCategoryValue\/Ia"},{"label":"Category V \u2013 Protected Landscape\/Seascape\/Area","uri":"http:\/\/dd.eionet.europa.eu\/vocabularyconcept\/cdda\/IucnCategoryValue\/V"},{"label":"Category VI \u2013 Protected Area with sustainable use of natural resources","uri":"http:\/\/dd.eionet.europa.eu\/vocabularyconcept\/cdda\/IucnCategoryValue\/VI"}],"landUse":[{"label":"other uses","uri":"https:\/\/inspire.ec.europa.eu\/codelist\/HILUCSValue\/6_5_AreasWithoutAnySpecifiedPlannedUse"},{"label":"primary production","uri":"https:\/\/inspire.ec.europa.eu\/codelist\/HILUCSValue\/1_PrimaryProduction"},{"label":"residential use","uri":"https:\/\/inspire.ec.europa.eu\/codelist\/HILUCSValue\/5_ResidentialUse"},{"label":"transport networks logistics and utilities","uri":"https:\/\/inspire.ec.europa.eu\/codelist\/HILUCSValue\/4_TransportNetworksLogisticsAndUtilities"}],"images":[{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-05\/Imagem%20do%20WhatsApp%20de%202023-03-28%20%C3%A0%28s%29%2019.39.18%20%281%29.jpg","alt":"Nympheas in the Guaragua\u00e7u River"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-05\/Imagem%20do%20WhatsApp%20de%202023-03-28%20%C3%A0%28s%29%2019.39.30%20%282%29.jpg","alt":"Invasive tanner grass beds (Urochloa arrecta) anchoring other local macrophytes (hydrocotyle)"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-05\/1692018922670.jpg","alt":"A near-pristine floodplain area bordered by the amphibious tree caixeta, a species deeply embedded in traditional cultures for its use in crafting musical instruments, shoes, and boats."},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-05\/1692018922707.jpg","alt":"Guaragua\u00e7u river and the mountains behind"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-05\/1692018923262.jpg","alt":"Nympheas and caixeta tree in the Guaragua\u00e7u River"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-05\/1692019270628.jpg","alt":"Nyhmpea flower"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-05\/1692018923391.jpg","alt":"Egeria beds in clear waters upstream"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-05\/1692019270902.jpg","alt":"Sign indicating a protected area in Guaragua\u00e7u River"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-05\/1692019271053.jpg","alt":"Beds of the invasive tanner grass in a region with human impacts"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-05\/Imagem%20do%20WhatsApp%20de%202023-03-28%20%C3%A0%28s%29%2019.39.23.jpg","alt":"Beds of the invasive tanner grass in a region with human impacts"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-05\/IMG_6021.jpg","alt":"Location nearby indiginous villages"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-05\/IMG_6002.jpg","alt":"Samplings in LTER"}]},"environmentalCharacteristics":{"airTemperature":{"yearlyAverage":21,"monthlyAverage":[25,26,25,23,20,18,18,18,19,21,23,24],"unit":"\u00b0C","referencePeriod":{"label":"1991 - 2020","uri":null}},"precipitation":{"yearlyAverage":1969,"monthlyAverage":[290,272,229,134,126,98,89,78,137,151,162,203],"unit":"mm","referencePeriod":{"label":"1991 - 2020","uri":null}},"biogeographicalRegion":"atlantic","biome":"freshwater_rivers","ecosystemType":[{"label":"Forest","uri":null},{"label":"Fresh Water Rivers","uri":null},{"label":"Mangroves","uri":null},{"label":"Rainforest","uri":null},{"label":"Rivers","uri":null},{"label":"Small rivers","uri":null},{"label":"Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests","uri":null}],"eunisHabitat":[{"label":"Inland surface waters (C)","uri":null},{"label":"Littoral zone of inland surface waterbodies (C3)","uri":null}],"landforms":[{"label":"Bay or Gulf","uri":null},{"label":"Mountain","uri":null},{"label":"Plain","uri":null},{"label":"River","uri":null}],"geoBonBiome":["Coastal"],"geology":"Sand","hydrology":"tidal influence","soils":"sand","vegetation":"forest, mangrove and wetland macrophytes"},"geographic":{"boundaries":"POLYGON ((-48.477715 -25.538063, -48.418121 -25.558858, -48.392715 -25.555451, -48.363533 -25.558858, -48.351517 -25.575272, -48.399582 -25.602831, -48.423271 -25.625431, -48.441467 -25.645859, -48.466873 -25.687325, -48.508415 -25.751662, -48.547897 -25.837595, -48.56266 -25.828634, -48.572617 -25.815036, -48.594933 -25.781344, -48.611412 -25.765576, -48.63324 -25.758423, -48.6353 -25.705227, -48.63015 -25.665005, -48.645943 -25.63839, -48.477715 -25.538063))","coordinates":"POINT (-48.514008 -25.667832)","country":["Brazil"],"elevation":{"avg":5,"min":0,"max":20,"unit":"msl"},"size":{"value":44345.15,"unit":"ha"},"relatedLocations":[{"title":"Guaragua\u00e7u 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abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10083"},{"label":"bacillariophyceae biomass","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10120"},{"label":"bacillariophyceae biovolume","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22070"},{"label":"bacillariophyceae presence","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10121"},{"label":"bacillariophyceae species richness","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10086"},{"label":"benthic invertebrates abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22027"},{"label":"benthic invertebrates presence","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10123"},{"label":"beta diversity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22067"},{"label":"biological diversity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21391"},{"label":"biological oxygen demand","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22068"},{"label":"biological parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20940"},{"label":"carbon dioxide concentration","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22082"},{"label":"chemical parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10333"},{"label":"chlorophyll content of water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10088"},{"label":"community composition","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22086"},{"label":"community pattern","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21471"},{"label":"community structure","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21472"},{"label":"conductivity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22089"},{"label":"current direction","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30026"},{"label":"current speed","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30027"},{"label":"dissolved nutrient","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22107"},{"label":"dissolved organic carbon in water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10307"},{"label":"dissolved organic nitrogen","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10125"},{"label":"dissolved organic phosphorus","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22108"},{"label":"diversity index","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21513"},{"label":"ecosystem parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20939"},{"label":"electrical conductivity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21552"},{"label":"environmental parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20941"},{"label":"environmental quality index","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22118"},{"label":"faunistic diversity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22119"},{"label":"floristic composition","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22121"},{"label":"functional diversity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21393"},{"label":"land 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pattern","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22151"},{"label":"landscape structure","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22152"},{"label":"nitrogen content","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22174"},{"label":"nutrient concentration","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22176"},{"label":"nutrient content","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22177"},{"label":"oxygen concentration","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30179"},{"label":"oxygen saturation","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21215"},{"label":"pH value of water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21218"},{"label":"patch density","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22179"},{"label":"patch size","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22180"},{"label":"percent carbon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22181"},{"label":"phytoplankton abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30018"},{"label":"phytoplankton biomass","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30021"},{"label":"plant cover","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22188"},{"label":"plant density","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22189"},{"label":"plant distribution","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21479"},{"label":"plant diversity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22191"},{"label":"plant species abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10335"},{"label":"plant species composition","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22195"},{"label":"plant species presence","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10341"},{"label":"plant species richness","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22196"},{"label":"river temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10015"},{"label":"seasonal change","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21569"},{"label":"secchi depth","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22226"},{"label":"species abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10018"},{"label":"species composition","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22285"},{"label":"species group abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10021"},{"label":"species list","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22286"},{"label":"species presence","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10081"},{"label":"species richness","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22287"},{"label":"species trait","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10024"},{"label":"species turnover","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22288"},{"label":"surface area","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21564"},{"label":"suspended solids","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22293"},{"label":"total alkalinity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21451"},{"label":"total carbon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22296"},{"label":"total organic carbon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22297"},{"label":"water acidity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22030"},{"label":"water alkalinity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10303"},{"label":"water heavy metal concentration","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30024"},{"label":"water parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20945"},{"label":"water quality","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22312"},{"label":"water salinity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10308"},{"label":"water temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22313"},{"label":"water turbidity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21217"},{"label":"zooplankton abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30019"},{"label":"zooplankton biomass","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30022"}]},"infrastructure":{"accessibleAllYear":true,"accessType":"boat","allPartsAccessible":true,"maintenanceInterval":2,"permanentPowerSupply":false,"operation":{"permanent":true,"notes":null,"siteVisitInterval":180},"notes":null,"collection":[{"label":"Boat","uri":null},{"label":"Cable based","uri":null},{"label":"Central station(s)","uri":null},{"label":"More than 100 kW","uri":null},{"label":"No lodging possible","uri":null},{"label":"No staff room","uri":null},{"label":"No within site data transmission","uri":null},{"label":"Paper","uri":null},{"label":"Spatial data file (GIS)","uri":null},{"label":"Spatial database (GIS)","uri":null},{"label":"Telephone line","uri":null},{"label":"Vehicle 4WD","uri":null}],"data":{"policy":{"url":[{"title":null,"value":"https:\/\/lasbufprbio.wixsite.com\/home?lang=en"}],"rights":["Co-authorship on publications resulting from use of the dataset","The data provider must be offered co-authorship for publications using this dataset at least within the metadata description","Formal acknowledgement of the dataset providers","The opportunity to collaborate on the project using the dataset","The opportunity to review the results based on the dataset","Reprints of articles using the dataset must be provided to the data provider","The dataset provider is given a complete list of all products that make use of the dataset","Mutual agreement on reciprocal sharing of data","The data provider is given and agrees to a statement of uses to which the dataset will be put"],"notes":null}}},"relatedResources":null,"projectRelated":{"lter":{"lterSiteClassification":"na"}}}}