{"title":"The Ecology of UHE Carlos Botelho (Lobo-Broa Reservoir) and its watershed, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil - Brazil","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"ac126931-0ca9-419f-9e33-269b1dbe7753"},"type":"site","created":"2016-06-25T12:58:45+02:00","changed":"2021-11-18T10:50:20+01:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":[{"network":{"name":"ILTER","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"1aa7ccb2-a14b-43d6-90ac-5e0a6bc1d65b"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"LTER Brazil","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"d22789fb-4663-4a77-a6ec-ddb279906cc9"}},"siteCode":"LTER_SAM_BR_20","verified":true}],"projects":null},"contact":{"siteManager":[{"type":"person","name":"Jos\u00e9 Galizia Tundisi","email":"tundisi@iie.com.br","orcid":null}],"operatingOrganisation":null,"metadataProvider":[{"type":"organisation","name":"International Institute of Ecology - Brazil","url":"http:\/\/www.iie.com.br","ror":null}],"fundingAgency":[{"type":"organisation","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","url":"http:\/\/www.cnpq.br","ror":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03swz6y49"}],"siteUrl":null},"general":{"abstract":"The watershed is located in the center of S\u00e3o Paulo State, Southeast of Brazil. The coordinates are: Lat. 22\u00ba 10\u0027 08,5\u0022 S; Long. 47\u00ba 57\u0027 11,7\u0022 W. The drainage density is 0.75km\/km2. The maximum altitude is 800m. Basin declivity is 0.00575m\/m. The local climate is characterised by alternating dry and wet periods, the wetter period falling in summer and autumn, and the winter and spring seasons being mainly dry. Annual precipitation is around 1500 mm per year. Temperatures are typically between 15 \u00b0C and 17 \u00b0C during the coldest winter month (July); in the warmest summer month (January), water temperatures between 21 \u00b0C to 23 \u00b0C are recorded. Potential evapotranspiration is between 500 mm to 1000 mm per year. According to the Koppen classification, the climate is described as \u2018warm with a dry period\u2019. The watershed is dominated by holocenic sandy sediments. In the lowland areas, hydromorphic and organic soils predominate. Soils derived from basalt intrusion occur in some areas of the watershed, as red soil hotspots. The natural vegetation is characteristically a savanna type, the Cerrado, typical of the continental regions of Brazil, consisting of bushes and trees adapted to a long (six months) dry season with periodic fires. Given the hydrogeochemical character of the watershed, the ionic strength and the nutrient content of the water of Lobo-Broa Reservoir are correspondingly low.","citation":null,"relatedIdentifiers":null,"status":{"label":"Operational","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/elter_cl\/10772"},"yearEstablished":1971,"yearClosed":null,"relatedSites":null,"siteName":"The Ecology of UHE Carlos Botelho (Lobo-Broa Reservoir) and its watershed, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","shortName":"Broa Research","siteType":"Stationary land-based site","protectionLevel":null,"landUse":null,"images":[{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Broa%2520-%2520localizacao.jpg","alt":"not defined"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Broa%2520-%2520Solos%2520da%2520Bacia2.jpg","alt":"not defined"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Imagem%2520026.jpg","alt":"not defined"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Curso%2520SP%252014.jpg","alt":"not defined"}]},"environmentalCharacteristics":{"airTemperature":{"yearlyAverage":22,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"\u00b0C","referencePeriod":null},"precipitation":{"yearlyAverage":1500,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"mm","referencePeriod":null},"biogeographicalRegion":null,"biome":"savanna","ecosystemType":[{"label":"Fresh Water Lakes","uri":null},{"label":"Lakes","uri":null}],"eunisHabitat":[{"label":"Inland surface waters (C)","uri":null},{"label":"Permanent eutrophic lakes, ponds and pools (C1.3)","uri":null},{"label":"Surface running waters (C2)","uri":null},{"label":"Surface standing waters (C1)","uri":null},{"label":"Temporary running waters (C2.5)","uri":null}],"landforms":null,"geoBonBiome":["Fresh water lakes","Fresh water rivers","Terrestrial"],"geology":"Holocenic sandy sediments","hydrology":"Clear precipitation cycle, summer maximum, winter minimum, maximum precipitation: 1.500mm\/year.","soils":"Hydromorphic and organic soils in lowland areas. Arenitic soils predominate. Red soils as part of soil structures.","vegetation":"The natural vegetation is characteristically a Savannah type the Cerrado, typical of continental regions of Brazil, consisting of bushes and trees adapted to a long (six months) dry season with periodic fires."},"geographic":{"boundaries":null,"coordinates":"POINT (-47.95305556 -22.16902778)","country":["Brazil"],"elevation":{"avg":700,"min":300,"max":800,"unit":"msl"},"size":{"value":23,"unit":"ha"},"relatedLocations":null},"focusDesignScale":{"experiments":{"design":"partly experimentation","scale":"catchment scale"},"observations":{"design":"partly observation","scale":"entire catchment"},"observedProperties":[{"label":"abiotic heterogeneity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21476"},{"label":"agricultural parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20936"},{"label":"atmospheric parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20937"},{"label":"biological parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20940"},{"label":"chlorophyll content of water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10088"},{"label":"conductivity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22089"},{"label":"diffuse solar radiation intensity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22106"},{"label":"dissolved nutrient","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22107"},{"label":"dissolved organic carbon in water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10307"},{"label":"ecosystem parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20939"},{"label":"ecosystem structure","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21475"},{"label":"ground water level","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22126"},{"label":"groundwater permeability","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22127"},{"label":"heat flow","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22129"},{"label":"hydraulic conductivity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22133"},{"label":"incoming radiation intensity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22134"},{"label":"inorganic nutrient content","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22137"},{"label":"irradiance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22140"},{"label":"lake level","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22141"},{"label":"lake temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10011"},{"label":"microbial diversity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22169"},{"label":"net solar radiation irradiance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22173"},{"label":"nitrogen content","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22174"},{"label":"nutrient availability","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21457"},{"label":"percent carbon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22181"},{"label":"percent organic carbon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22183"},{"label":"photosynthetically active radiation intensity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22186"},{"label":"plant height","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22192"},{"label":"precipitation intensity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22204"},{"label":"redox potential of water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21216"},{"label":"runoff amount","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/30032"},{"label":"secchi depth","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22226"},{"label":"sky temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22239"},{"label":"soil nutrient","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22260"},{"label":"soil water content","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22281"},{"label":"solar radiation","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22284"},{"label":"specific 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Field laboratories with boat, field equipments, sampling equipments, experimental equipments. Up to date library. ","collection":[{"label":"\u003E 5 places","uri":null},{"label":"All over site\/catchment","uri":null},{"label":"Boat","uri":null},{"label":"Cable based","uri":null},{"label":"GMS\/UMTS","uri":null},{"label":"Graph or object database","uri":null},{"label":"Marine Platform","uri":null},{"label":"More than 100 kW","uri":null},{"label":"No lodging possible","uri":null},{"label":"Other data services","uri":null},{"label":"Radio transmission system (repeaters, receivers, centralstation)","uri":null},{"label":"Radio transmission system (repeaters. receivers. centralstation)","uri":null},{"label":"Satellite","uri":null},{"label":"Spatial data file (GIS)","uri":null},{"label":"Spatial database (GIS)","uri":null},{"label":"Telephone line","uri":null},{"label":"Vehicle 2WD","uri":null},{"label":"Vehicle 4WD","uri":null},{"label":"Web Map Service (WMS)","uri":null}],"data":{"policy":{"url":null,"rights":["Co-authorship on publications resulting from use of the dataset","The opportunity to collaborate on the project using the dataset","Reprints of articles using the dataset must be provided to the data provider"],"notes":"Regular publications resulting from research. Annual report and site status. "}}},"relatedResources":null,"projectRelated":{"lter":{"lterSiteClassification":"Regular Site"}}}}