{"title":"Valley of the Zwarte Beek (upper course) - Belgium","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"bc85fae0-b54b-4abe-87cf-02a4b0c4a3f2"},"type":"site","created":"2016-05-30T12:14:45+02:00","changed":"2021-11-23T11:48:43+01:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":[{"network":{"name":"ILTER","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"1aa7ccb2-a14b-43d6-90ac-5e0a6bc1d65b"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"LTER Belgium","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"735946e0-4e9e-484a-acee-85e31f4e2a2e"}},"siteCode":"LTER_EU_BE_12","verified":true},{"network":{"name":"LTER Europe","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"4742ffca-65ac-4aae-815f-83738500a1fc"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true}],"projects":[{"label":"NEC Directive (2016\/2284)","uri":"http:\/\/data.europa.eu\/eli\/dir\/2016\/2284\/oj"},{"label":"Natura 2000","uri":"https:\/\/natura2000.eea.europa.eu\/"}]},"contact":{"siteManager":[{"type":"person","name":"Piet De Becker","email":"Piet.Debecker@inbo.be","orcid":null},{"type":"person","name":"Tom De Dobbelaer","email":"Tom.DeDobbelaer@inbo.be","orcid":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7636-997X"}],"operatingOrganisation":[{"type":"organisation","name":"Agency For Nature and Forest (ANB)","url":"https:\/\/www.natuurenbos.be\/","ror":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04wcznf70"},{"type":"organisation","name":"Natuurpunt","url":"https:\/\/www.natuurpunt.be","ror":null}],"metadataProvider":[{"type":"organisation","name":"Natuurpunt","url":"https:\/\/www.natuurpunt.be","ror":null}],"fundingAgency":null,"siteUrl":[{"title":"Zwarte Beek ANB","value":"https:\/\/www.natuurenbos.be\/zwartebeek"},{"title":"Zwarte Beek Natuurpunt","value":"https:\/\/www.natuurpunt.be\/natuurgebied\/vallei-van-de-zwarte-beek-beringen"}]},"general":{"abstract":"The site comprises 10 km stretch of a stream valley  managed as a private nature\/state reserve some 17 kilometer North of the city of Hasselt. Since 1995,the restoration projects are carried out aiming at restoring the fen\/carr ecosystem. Monitoring of the ground- and surface water dynamics and chemistry, the vegetation evolution is carried out by INBO.","citation":null,"relatedIdentifiers":null,"status":{"label":"Operational","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/elter_cl\/10772"},"yearEstablished":1997,"yearClosed":null,"relatedSites":null,"siteName":"Valley of the Zwarte Beek (upper course)","shortName":"Valley of the Zwarte Beek","siteType":"Stationary land-based site","protectionLevel":null,"landUse":null,"images":[{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/ZWAP244X_2.JPG","alt":"not defined"}]},"environmentalCharacteristics":{"airTemperature":{"yearlyAverage":10.8,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"\u00b0C","referencePeriod":null},"precipitation":{"yearlyAverage":824,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"mm","referencePeriod":null},"biogeographicalRegion":"atlantic","biome":"deciduous_forest","ecosystemType":[{"label":"Forest","uri":null},{"label":"Grasslands","uri":null},{"label":"Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests","uri":null},{"label":"Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands","uri":null}],"eunisHabitat":[{"label":"Dry heaths (F4.2)","uri":null},{"label":"Grasslands and lands dominated by forbs, mosses or lichens (E)","uri":null},{"label":"Heathland, scrub and tundra (F)","uri":null},{"label":"Mires, bogs and fens (D)","uri":null},{"label":"Moist or wet eutrophic and mesotrophic grassland (E3.4)","uri":null},{"label":"Seasonally wet and wet grasslands (E3)","uri":null},{"label":"Temperate shrub heathland (F4)","uri":null},{"label":"Wet heaths (F4.1)","uri":null},{"label":"Woodland, forest and other wooded land (G)","uri":null}],"landforms":null,"geoBonBiome":["Fresh water lakes","Terrestrial"],"geology":"The river has cut itself some 10 meters in the western fringe of the surrounding sany campinian plateau. The matrix consists of fine relatively mineral poor sand deposits (Myocene Formation of Diest) bounded below (some 150 meter below floodplane) by a thick clay deposit. Both layers are Eocene marine deposits tilting at an angle of 2% towards the northeast. ","hydrology":"In groundwater terms this is a seepage area in the upper course of a lowland river, the groundwater is steadily flowing towards the floodplain from under neighbouring infiltration area\u0027s that are mainly under a heather and moorland vegetation cover and for al very limited part under agriculture. The exfiltration rate is some 10-15 mm\/m\u00b2.day. Groundwatertraveltime is 150-200 years or shorter, making this a \u0027slow responding\u0027 system. The valley floor is covered with a peatlayer with an average thicknes of 0,8 m and in a \u0027paleovalley reaching 6,5 meter, making this area one of the best preserved examples of a lowland valleys in Western Europe.","soils":"Dystric Rheic Sapric Histosols, Albic podzols, Gleyic podzols, Dystric Protic Arenosols, locally Eutric Fluvic Gleyic Cambisols, Dystric Fluvic Gleyic Arenosols","vegetation":"Poor fen vegetations (Alno-Betuletum; Carici elongatae-Alnetum, Caricion curto-nigrae, Junco-Molinion, Ericion tetralicis and Erico sphagnion vegetations)"},"geographic":{"boundaries":"POLYGON ((5.2639102935791 51.074996273725, 5.2661418914795 51.072839117585, 5.2664852142334 51.072299812837, 5.2682018280029 51.070466129685, 5.2697467803955 51.067769404827, 5.2810764312744 51.072084089179, 5.3068256378174 51.081682818726, 5.3130054473877 51.085996205908, 5.3250217437744 51.090740467271, 5.3332614898682 51.089770089764, 5.3329181671143 51.087074489859, 5.3243350982666 51.079310284336, 5.3476810455322 51.073701992108, 5.3641605377197 51.07294697778, 5.3770351409912 51.075104128893, 5.3772068023682 51.08006519484, 5.3753185272217 51.08319254999, 5.3864765167236 51.083300386053, 5.3928279876709 51.094298343935, 5.3912830352783 51.096346694207, 5.3833866119385 51.093651477629, 5.385103225708 51.090417010364, 5.3775501251221 51.088152748674, 5.3765201568604 51.092681161203, 5.3717136383057 51.09235771787, 5.3710269927979 51.094837392278, 5.3869915008545 51.098933954327, 5.3847599029541 51.102060033811, 5.37034034729 51.097532539733, 5.3687953948975 51.098394953741, 5.3621006011963 51.096131082662, 5.3487110137939 51.102922363366, 5.3433895111084 51.10152106967, 5.3334331512451 51.09699352281, 5.3222751617432 51.096346694207, 5.3205585479736 51.095160818267, 5.3106021881104 51.090956103952, 5.3052806854248 51.089662268784, 5.293436050415 51.086211864709, 5.2858829498291 51.086211864709, 5.2786731719971 51.080604409087, 5.2639102935791 51.074996273725))","coordinates":"POINT (5.33333333 51.1)","country":["Belgium"],"elevation":{"avg":55,"min":40,"max":70,"unit":"msl"},"size":{"value":800,"unit":"ha"},"relatedLocations":null},"focusDesignScale":{"experiments":{"design":"no experimentation","scale":"plot scale"},"observations":{"design":"mainly observation","scale":"plot within catchment"},"observedProperties":[{"label":"ecosystem parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20939"},{"label":"ecosystem structure","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21475"},{"label":"ground water level","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22126"},{"label":"water parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20945"}]},"infrastructure":{"accessibleAllYear":true,"accessType":"dirt road  (4WD)","allPartsAccessible":true,"maintenanceInterval":null,"permanentPowerSupply":true,"operation":{"permanent":true,"notes":"Sampling interval: hourly\/twice a day for groundwater","siteVisitInterval":1},"notes":null,"collection":[{"label":"Central station(s)","uri":null},{"label":"Data portal","uri":null},{"label":"Relational database","uri":null}],"data":{"policy":{"url":null,"rights":["Formal acknowledgement of the dataset providers"],"notes":null}}},"relatedResources":null,"projectRelated":{"lter":{"lterSiteClassification":"Regular Site"}}}}