{"title":"Baltimore Ecosystem Study LTER - United States of America","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"c74174af-63ea-4783-9748-cabf980cdc22"},"type":"site","created":"2016-07-13T23:35:55+02:00","changed":"2023-07-25T11:18:49+02:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":[{"network":{"name":"US LTER","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"fd9cd567-bba5-4b3e-a351-cc4404640972"}},"siteCode":"BES","verified":true}],"projects":null},"contact":{"siteManager":[{"type":"person","name":"Mary Martin","email":"mary.martin@unh.edu","orcid":null}],"operatingOrganisation":[{"type":"organisation","name":"Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies","url":"https:\/\/caryinstitute.org","ror":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01dhcyx48"}],"metadataProvider":null,"fundingAgency":null,"siteUrl":[{"title":null,"value":"https:\/\/baltimoreecosystemstudy.org"}]},"general":{"abstract":"The Gwynns Falls watershed (39.724847 N, -77.314183 W; 38.708367 N, -76.012008 W and approximately 17,150 hectares: site map) lies in Baltimore City and Baltimore County, Maryland and drains into the Chesapeake Bay. It contains 16 sub-watersheds, which range in size from 465 hectares to 1,855 hectares. The watershed\u2019s resident population in 1990 was approximately 356,000 people. Total population and population density varied between sub-watersheds (from 18,360 to 109,187 people, and 2.5 persons \/ hectare to 19.8 persons \/ hectare in 1990) with the lower sub-watersheds of the Gwynns Falls being the most densely populated. During the last 40 years (1950 - 1990), total population and population density changed significantly in the Baltimore region because of movement of residents from the City and into the County (Baltimore City\u2019s total population declined from a high of approximately 1.4 to 0.75 million). In the case of the Gwynns Falls watershed, total resident population declined in from 406,000 in 1970 to 356,000 in 1990; yet the percentage of urban areas increased from 66.3% in 1973 to 74.3% in 1990. Land use varies in the Gwynns Falls watershed: the lower sub-watersheds contained predominantly residential \/ commercial \/ industrial areas (90.4%) and the upper sub-watersheds contained primarily agricultural \/ forested \/ open space areas (90.8%) in 1990. The socioeconomic characteristics of residents in the watershed vary as well. For instance, the averaged median family income in 1990 was $18,598 in the lower sub-watersheds and $49,133 in the upper sub-watersheds. 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