{"title":"Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro - Brazil","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"d1920ba4-c2e0-472f-bf5d-b101f19e6b0f"},"type":"site","created":"2016-06-16T19:33:36+02:00","changed":"2021-03-11T11:07:07+01:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":[{"network":{"name":"LTER Brazil","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"d22789fb-4663-4a77-a6ec-ddb279906cc9"}},"siteCode":"LTER SAM BR 19","verified":true}],"projects":null},"contact":{"siteManager":[{"type":"person","name":"Jean Louis Valentin","email":"jean@pq.cnpq.br","orcid":null}],"operatingOrganisation":null,"metadataProvider":[{"type":"person","name":"Jean Louis Valentin","email":"jean@pq.cnpq.br","orcid":null}],"fundingAgency":null,"siteUrl":[{"title":null,"value":"http:\/\/www.lncc.br\/peldguanabara"}]},"general":{"abstract":"Guanabara Bay (GB) is the second largest bay in the coast of Brazil (384 km2) (22o41 to 22o56 S ; 43o02 to 43o18 W). In its surroundings live 16 million inhabitants (6 million in Rio de Janeiro city). This system experiences steep spatial gradient from the entrance to inner bay. GB receives high load of nutrients and organic material from riverine sources and from domestic and industrial sewage inputs. As a consequence, this system is characterized as a high eutrophicate and polluted one. In spite of its poor environmental status, GB still presents many living resources who use the bay as a refuge, feeding and nursery grounds, with some of those species having commercial interest. An important characteristic of GB is the influence of South Atlantic Central Water, a deep, cold and rich nutrient water, that enters the bay during the Cabo Frio upwelling period. This phenomenon permits to maintain the bay at a relative good health level in its central part, in contrast with the marginal areas highly polluted. Although encroached on by urban expansion, the inner east margins of Guanabara Bay is still bordered by a 90 km2 fringing mangrove system, of which 43 km2 is an environmental protection area, Guapimirim.","citation":null,"relatedIdentifiers":null,"status":{"label":"Operational","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/elter_cl\/10772"},"yearEstablished":2009,"yearClosed":null,"relatedSites":null,"siteName":"Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro","shortName":"Guanabara Bay","siteType":"Platform","protectionLevel":null,"landUse":null,"images":[{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Guanabara%2520Bay.jpg","alt":"Guanabara Bay view"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Foto%2520BG.jpg","alt":"Ganabara Bay view"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Manguezal.jpg","alt":"Mangrove structure at Guanabara Bay"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/costao%2520BG.jpg","alt":"Rocky shore at Guanabara Bay"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Curais.jpg","alt":"Fishery at Guanabara Bay"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/arrasto%2520peixes.jpg","alt":"Fishery at Guanabara Bay"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Amostragem%2520no%2520manguezal.jpg","alt":"Mangrove study at Guanabara Bay"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/praia.jpg","alt":"Beach at Guanabara Bay"}]},"environmentalCharacteristics":{"airTemperature":{"yearlyAverage":23,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"\u00b0C","referencePeriod":null},"precipitation":{"yearlyAverage":1200,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"mm","referencePeriod":null},"biogeographicalRegion":null,"biome":"coastal","ecosystemType":[{"label":"Coastal","uri":null},{"label":"Forest","uri":null},{"label":"Mangroves","uri":null},{"label":"Marine","uri":null},{"label":"Tropical coral","uri":null},{"label":"Tropical upwelling","uri":null}],"eunisHabitat":[{"label":"Estuaries (X01)","uri":null},{"label":"Habitat complexes (X)","uri":null},{"label":"Littoral rock and other hard substrata (A1)","uri":null},{"label":"Littoral sand and muddy sand (A2.2)","uri":null},{"label":"Littoral sediment (A2)","uri":null},{"label":"Low energy littoral rock (A1.3)","uri":null},{"label":"Marine habitats (A)","uri":null},{"label":"Pelagic water column (A7)","uri":null},{"label":"Sublittoral mixed sediments (A5.4)","uri":null},{"label":"Sublittoral sediment (A5)","uri":null},{"label":"Vertically stratified water column with reduced salinity (A7.6)","uri":null}],"landforms":null,"geoBonBiome":["Marine"],"geology":null,"hydrology":null,"soils":null,"vegetation":null},"geographic":{"boundaries":null,"coordinates":"POINT (-43.0333 -22.6833)","country":["Brazil"],"elevation":{"avg":-10,"min":-2,"max":-30,"unit":"msl"},"size":{"value":3840000,"unit":"ha"},"relatedLocations":null},"focusDesignScale":{"experiments":{"design":null,"scale":"catchment scale"},"observations":{"design":"mainly observation","scale":"beyond catchment"},"observedProperties":[{"label":"ammonium nitrate concentration","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10072"},{"label":"bacillariophyceae abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10083"},{"label":"bacteria abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22026"},{"label":"benthic invertebrates abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22027"},{"label":"chlorophyll content of water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10088"},{"label":"community composition","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22086"},{"label":"dissolved organic carbon in water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10307"},{"label":"ecosystem parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20939"},{"label":"ecosystem structure","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21475"},{"label":"macrofauna abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22028"},{"label":"microbial diversity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22169"},{"label":"secchi depth","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22226"},{"label":"species abundance","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10018"},{"label":"suspended solids","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22293"},{"label":"total organic carbon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22297"},{"label":"water parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20945"},{"label":"water quality","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22312"},{"label":"water salinity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10308"},{"label":"water temperature","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22313"}]},"infrastructure":{"accessibleAllYear":true,"accessType":"boat","allPartsAccessible":true,"maintenanceInterval":90,"permanentPowerSupply":false,"operation":{"permanent":true,"notes":null,"siteVisitInterval":15},"notes":null,"collection":[{"label":"Boat","uri":null},{"label":"Central station(s)","uri":null},{"label":"Data portal","uri":null},{"label":"Graph or object database","uri":null},{"label":"More than 100 kW","uri":null},{"label":"No data transmission from site","uri":null},{"label":"No within site data transmission","uri":null},{"label":"Proprietary file format","uri":null}],"data":{"policy":{"url":[{"title":null,"value":"http:\/\/www.lncc.br\/peldguanabara"}],"rights":["Formal acknowledgement of the dataset providers","The opportunity to collaborate on the project using the dataset"],"notes":null}}},"relatedResources":null,"projectRelated":{"lter":{"lterSiteClassification":"Master Site"}}}}