{"title":"Ravels Forest - Belgium","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"e74fdeaf-08ed-4306-9473-58e3f9a05e73"},"type":"site","created":"2014-08-18T22:19:56+02:00","changed":"2025-01-07T11:14:56+01:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":[{"network":{"name":"GERI","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"c3abdc60-49f1-49db-81fe-863b7dbb21d3"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"ICP Forests","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"4e44c094-f4f7-4882-bfe5-685b666a0dc7"}},"siteCode":"2_14","verified":true},{"network":{"name":"ILTER","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"1aa7ccb2-a14b-43d6-90ac-5e0a6bc1d65b"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"LTER Belgium","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"735946e0-4e9e-484a-acee-85e31f4e2a2e"}},"siteCode":"LTER_EU_BE_04","verified":true},{"network":{"name":"LTER Europe","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"4742ffca-65ac-4aae-815f-83738500a1fc"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true}],"projects":[{"label":"FutMon","uri":"http:\/\/www.futmon.org\/"},{"label":"ICP Forests (Level II)","uri":null},{"label":"NEC Directive (2016\/2284)","uri":"http:\/\/data.europa.eu\/eli\/dir\/2016\/2284\/oj"},{"label":"Teabag","uri":null},{"label":"eLTER (H2020)","uri":"https:\/\/cordis.europa.eu\/project\/id\/654359"}]},"contact":{"siteManager":[{"type":"person","name":"Arne Verstraeten","email":"Arne.Verstraeten@inbo.be","orcid":null}],"operatingOrganisation":[{"type":"organisation","name":"Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)","url":"https:\/\/www.inbo.be","ror":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00j54wy13"}],"metadataProvider":[{"type":"person","name":"Arne Verstraeten","email":"Arne.Verstraeten@inbo.be","orcid":null},{"type":"person","name":"Koenraad Van Meerbeek","email":"koenraad.vanmeerbeek@kuleuven.be","orcid":null}],"fundingAgency":null,"siteUrl":[{"title":"LTER-Belgium","value":"http:\/\/www.lter-belgium.be\/25"}]},"general":{"abstract":"This LTER-site corresponds with a 0.25 ha intensive forest monitoring plot (ICP Forests Level II) including a 0.25 ha buffer zone. The site is located in a homogeneous stand of Corsican pine (Pinus nigra ssp. laricio var. Corsicana Loud.) planted in 1930 on former heathland and is part of Gewestbos Ravels, a landscape (about 1000 ha) with deciduous and coniferous forests, heathland, bogs and pastures in the northern part of the Campine ecoregion of Flanders. The terrain is gently sloping (1-2 %) and the soil is a well-drained sandy soil (Endogleyic Folic Brunic Albic Arenosol (Dystric)). Ground vegetation is dominated by ferns (Dryopteris dilatata and D. carthusiana) and Vaccinium myrtillus. After a storm in February 2007 felled several trees an understorey of Betula pubescens started to develop. Intensive monitoring was started in 1987 with the main objective to study the effects of air pollution on biogeochemical cycling and forest performance (growth, vitality). This yielded a number of long-term data series including on atmospheric deposition, air quality, soil and soil solution chemistry, tree mineral nutrition, ground vegetation and growth. Monitoring will be continued in the future as a statutory task of INBO.","citation":null,"relatedIdentifiers":null,"status":{"label":"Operational","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/elter_cl\/10772"},"yearEstablished":1987,"yearClosed":null,"relatedSites":null,"siteName":"Ravels Forest","shortName":"Ravels","siteType":"Stationary land-based site","protectionLevel":[{"label":"Category VI \u2013 Protected Area with sustainable use of natural resources","uri":"http:\/\/dd.eionet.europa.eu\/vocabularyconcept\/cdda\/IucnCategoryValue\/VI"}],"landUse":[{"label":"forestry","uri":"https:\/\/inspire.ec.europa.eu\/codelist\/HILUCSValue\/1_2_Forestry"},{"label":"primary production","uri":"https:\/\/inspire.ec.europa.eu\/codelist\/HILUCSValue\/1_PrimaryProduction"}],"images":[{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/P1030275.JPG","alt":"Overview of the ICP Forests Level II plot showing throughfall collectors and litterfall collectors"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Teabag%2520installation1.jpg","alt":"Sampling location for the TeaComposition study"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Teabag%2520installation2.jpg","alt":"Sampling location for the TeaComposition study"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Teabag%2520installation3.jpg","alt":"Sampling location for the TeaComposition study"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/Teabag%2520installation4.jpg","alt":"Sampling location for the TeaComposition study"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/LII14%2520soil%2520profile.jpg","alt":"Soil profile"}]},"environmentalCharacteristics":{"airTemperature":{"yearlyAverage":10.4,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"\u00b0C","referencePeriod":null},"precipitation":{"yearlyAverage":887,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"mm","referencePeriod":null},"biogeographicalRegion":"atlantic","biome":"evergreen_forest","ecosystemType":[{"label":"Evergreen Forest","uri":null},{"label":"Forest","uri":null}],"eunisHabitat":[{"label":"Black pine ([Pinus nigra]) woodland (G3.5)","uri":null},{"label":"Coniferous woodland (G3)","uri":null},{"label":"Woodland, forest and other wooded land (G)","uri":null}],"landforms":null,"geoBonBiome":["Terrestrial"],"geology":null,"hydrology":null,"soils":null,"vegetation":null},"geographic":{"boundaries":"POLYGON ((5.0559210777283 51.402489592069, 5.0569939613342 51.402302183833, 5.0565648078918 51.401713181521, 5.0556206703186 51.401954137929, 5.0559210777283 51.402489592069))","coordinates":"POINT (5.056656 51.402029)","country":["Belgium"],"elevation":{"avg":34.871,"min":34.871,"max":34.871,"unit":"msl"},"size":{"value":0.5,"unit":"ha"},"relatedLocations":null},"focusDesignScale":{"experiments":{"design":"no experimentation","scale":"plot scale"},"observations":{"design":"mainly observation","scale":"plot within catchment"},"observedProperties":[{"label":"above ground net primary production","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10043"},{"label":"acid neutralizing capacity of water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22029"},{"label":"ammonium content","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10071"},{"label":"ammonium nitrate concentration","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10072"},{"label":"ammonium nitrogen content","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10076"},{"label":"bare soil cover","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22064"},{"label":"base cations content in water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21208"},{"label":"biological parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20940"},{"label":"bryophytes cover","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10117"},{"label":"bryophytes presence","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22206"},{"label":"bryophytes species coverage","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10115"},{"label":"carbon to nitrogen ratio","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21933"},{"label":"carbon-to-nitrogen ratio","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21350"},{"label":"cation exchange capacity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22084"},{"label":"chemical parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10333"},{"label":"date of start of physiological maturity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22098"},{"label":"dissolved nutrient","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22107"},{"label":"dissolved organic carbon in soil","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22045"},{"label":"dissolved organic carbon in water","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10307"},{"label":"dissolved organic nitrogen","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10125"},{"label":"ecosystem parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20939"},{"label":"electrical conductivity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21552"},{"label":"floristic composition","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22121"},{"label":"floristic diversity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22122"},{"label":"flowering date","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22096"},{"label":"forest structure","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21477"},{"label":"ground water level","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22126"},{"label":"groundwater 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nitrogen","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22259"},{"label":"soil nutrient","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22260"},{"label":"soil organic carbon","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22261"},{"label":"soil organic residual","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22262"},{"label":"soil pH","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22264"},{"label":"soil parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20944"},{"label":"soil particle size","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22265"},{"label":"soil profile water content","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22268"},{"label":"soil salinity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22270"},{"label":"soil solute amount","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22272"},{"label":"soil solution concentration","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22274"},{"label":"soil solution 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condition","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22302"},{"label":"tree diameter at breast height","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22304"},{"label":"tree height","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22305"},{"label":"tree mortality","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21052"},{"label":"vegetation layer composition","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/22307"},{"label":"vegetation layer structure","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/21480"},{"label":"water alkalinity","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/10303"},{"label":"water parameter","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/EnvThes\/20945"}]},"infrastructure":{"accessibleAllYear":true,"accessType":"dirt road  (4WD)","allPartsAccessible":true,"maintenanceInterval":15,"permanentPowerSupply":false,"operation":{"permanent":true,"notes":"Costs are mainly for sampling, maintenance and laboratory analysis of samples","siteVisitInterval":15},"notes":null,"collection":[{"label":"Cable based","uri":null},{"label":"Camera traps","uri":null},{"label":"No data transmission from site","uri":null},{"label":"No lodging possible","uri":null},{"label":"No staff room","uri":null},{"label":"No tower on site","uri":null},{"label":"Other data services","uri":null},{"label":"Relational database","uri":null},{"label":"Spatial database (GIS)","uri":null},{"label":"Vehicle 2WD","uri":null}],"data":{"policy":{"url":null,"rights":["Co-authorship on publications resulting from use of the dataset"],"notes":null}}},"relatedResources":null,"projectRelated":{"lter":{"lterSiteClassification":"Regular Site"}}}}