{"title":"Companhia das Lez\u00edrias - Portugal","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"ef87d551-9bae-467f-9c5d-b538b8206b0b"},"type":"site","created":"2012-12-25T19:09:23+01:00","changed":"2023-07-25T08:59:40+02:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":[{"network":{"name":"ILTER","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"1aa7ccb2-a14b-43d6-90ac-5e0a6bc1d65b"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"LTER Europe","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"4742ffca-65ac-4aae-815f-83738500a1fc"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"LTER Portugal","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"d8eb4823-b707-4590-94d8-d90c1d07d6f8"}},"siteCode":"LTER_EU_PT_004","verified":true}],"projects":[{"label":"LIFEPLAN","uri":"https:\/\/cordis.europa.eu\/project\/id\/856506"},{"label":"Teabag","uri":null}]},"contact":{"siteManager":[{"type":"person","name":"Ines Teixeira do Ros\u00e1rio","email":"itrosario@fc.ul.pt","orcid":null},{"type":"person","name":"Margarida Santos-Reis","email":"mmreis@fc.ul.pt","orcid":null}],"operatingOrganisation":[{"type":"organisation","name":"Companhia das Lez\u00edrias S.A.","url":"http:\/\/www.cl.pt","ror":null},{"type":"organisation","name":"cE3c- Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa","url":"http:\/\/ce3c.ciencias.ulisboa.pt","ror":null}],"metadataProvider":[{"type":"person","name":"Margarida Santos-Reis","email":"mmreis@fc.ul.pt","orcid":null}],"fundingAgency":[{"type":"organisation","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","url":"http:\/\/www.fct.pt","ror":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00snfqn58"}],"siteUrl":[{"title":"LTsER Montado Platform","value":"http:\/\/www.ltsermontado.pt\/?q=LTER_EU_PT_004"}]},"general":{"abstract":"Companhia das Lez\u00edrias is one of the six research and monitoring stations of LTER-Montado, an umbrella site located in the Alentejo province in south Portugal (southwestern Iberia). The \u0022Montado\u0022 represents an unique agro-silvo-pastoral ecosystem (named \u0022dehesa\u0022 in Spain) found only in the Mediterranean basin. These savannah-like landscapes are dominated by evergreen cork and\/or holm oaks and were shaped over millennia of traditional land use practices. These multi-use forests are two-layered systems that combine, in a single space, forest harvesting, extensive livestock husbandry, pastures and\/or cereal cultivation (the most evident economical revenues), with other traditional uses (hunting, beekeeping and mushroom picking). Recently, increasing awareness arose on their benefits as biodiversity reservoirs, recreation grounds, and other ecosystem services providers, but these non-productive functions are not equally perceived and valued by users, as they tend to be conflicting with productive ones.\r\nCompanhia das Lez\u00edrias is a state-run property, located in the bank tributary of the Tagus River, in the Ribatejo province, 30 km northeast Lisbon and 7 km from Vila Franca de Xira.Cork oak (Quercus suber) is the dominant tree type, with an average of 68 adult trees per hectare.Cork oak stands are the major use and the priority in terms of land management. It covers 6.751 ha (78% of forested land). Pine and eucalyptus stands (1.900 ha), agriculture areas, pastures and dams complete the current use of soil. Some tree decline is observed, especially on podzols. The natural regeneration of the tree stand is not uniform, and it is lacking in some places because of grazing and shrub clearing for fire prevention. No fires have been reported in the last 20 years. Conflicting interests arise from the livestock grazing component that affects the natural regeneration of cork oak trees. Interventions and adjustments to promote natural regeneration and active afforestation (e.g. fencing combined with shrub clearing) have been included in the stakeholder\u00b4s management plan over the last years.\r\n","citation":null,"relatedIdentifiers":null,"status":{"label":"Operational","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/elter_cl\/10772"},"yearEstablished":2011,"yearClosed":null,"relatedSites":[{"typeOfRelationship":{"label":"belongs to","uri":"null"},"listOfSites":[{"type":"site","title":"LTsER-Montado - Portugal","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"ecfcc7e2-82e5-4ec1-adee-a3f9f815fc0d"},"changed":"2025-01-07T11:14:56+0100"}]}],"siteName":"Companhia das Lez\u00edrias","shortName":"Montado 02_CL","siteType":"Stationary land-based site","protectionLevel":null,"landUse":null,"images":[{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/P1010196.JPG","alt":"Montado - Companhia das Lez\u00edrias "},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/P1010234.JPG","alt":"Cattle - Companhia das Lez\u00edrias"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/P1010118.JPG","alt":"Cork oaks - Companhia das Lez\u00edrias"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/P1010194.JPG","alt":"Cork oak montado"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/202_CL01_Site0.JPG","alt":"TeaComposition initiative plot CL01"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/202_CL02_Site0.JPG","alt":"TeaComposition initiative plot CL02"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/202_CL03_Site0.JPG","alt":"TeaComposition initiative plot CL03"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/202_CL04_Site0.JPG","alt":"TeaComposition initiative plot CL04"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/202_CL05_Site0.JPG","alt":"TeaComposition initiative plot CL05"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/202_CL06_Site0.JPG","alt":"TeaComposition initiative plot CL06"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/202_CL07_Site0.JPG","alt":"TeaComposition initiative plot CL07"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/202_CL08_Site0.JPG","alt":"TeaComposition initiative plot CL08"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/202_CL09_Site0.JPG","alt":"TeaComposition initiative plot CL09"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/202_CL10_Site0.JPG","alt":"TeaComposition initiative plot CL10"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/202_CL11_Site0.JPG","alt":"TeaComposition initiative plot CL11"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/202_CL12_Site0.JPG","alt":"TeaComposition initiative plot CL12"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/202_CL04_soil0.JPG","alt":"TeaComposition initiative plot CL04 - Soil profile"},{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/photos\/202_CL06_TeaBagPlots0.JPG","alt":"TeaComposition initiative plot CL06 - Tea bag plots"}]},"environmentalCharacteristics":{"airTemperature":{"yearlyAverage":16.3,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"\u00b0C","referencePeriod":null},"precipitation":{"yearlyAverage":662,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"mm","referencePeriod":null},"biogeographicalRegion":"mediterranean","biome":"deciduous_forest","ecosystemType":[{"label":"Agricultural","uri":null},{"label":"Forest","uri":null},{"label":"Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub","uri":null}],"eunisHabitat":[{"label":"Broadleaved evergreen woodland (G2)","uri":null},{"label":"Mediterranean evergreen oak woodland (G2.1)","uri":null},{"label":"Woodland, forest and other wooded land (G)","uri":null}],"landforms":null,"geoBonBiome":["Terrestrial"],"geology":"The entire watershed is on deep Miocene sands. 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