{"title":"Lake Barco NEON - United States of America","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"fc3606ae-df89-4e21-96df-cc380bb0d89d"},"type":"site","created":"2020-05-25T09:36:50+02:00","changed":"2025-09-17T15:23:05+02:00","attributes":{"affiliation":{"networks":[{"network":{"name":"GERI","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"c3abdc60-49f1-49db-81fe-863b7dbb21d3"}},"siteCode":null,"verified":true},{"network":{"name":"NEON","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/networks\/","suffix":"fd9fbc88-0baa-4d02-b824-dc29f721782c"}},"siteCode":"BARC","verified":true}],"projects":null},"contact":{"siteManager":[{"type":"person","name":"Guy Fausnaught","email":"gfausnaught@battelleecology.org","orcid":null}],"operatingOrganisation":null,"metadataProvider":[{"type":"person","name":"Melissa Marquez","email":"marquez@battelleecology.org","orcid":null}],"fundingAgency":null,"siteUrl":[{"title":null,"value":"https:\/\/www.neonscience.org\/field-sites\/barc"}]},"general":{"abstract":"Barco lake a core aquatic site is situated within Ordway-Swisher Biological Station (OSBS) in Putman County, Barco Lake is an oligotrophic (i.e., has low nutrient levels) acidic seepage lake in the mantled karst, a landscape formed by the dissolution of soluble rocks, of north central Florida. Common animals include tiger salamander, barking treefrog, spadefoot toad, gopher frog, gopher tortoise, worm lizard, fence lizard, mole skink, indigo snake, coachwhip snake, pine snake, short-tailed snake, crowned snake, eastern diamondback rattlesnake, bobwhite, ground dove, red-headed woodpecker, rufous-sided towhee, fox squirrel and pocket gopher. Barco Lake is an important breeding areas for terrestrial amphibians, including the threatened gopher frog, as well as many unusual or endemic insects, as well as an important watering holes for a number of mammals and birds, including ducks and wading birds.  This site has one meteorological station located in the riparian area and one meteorological station above water on a buoy. The met stations are outfitted with the a subset of the same sensors used at terrestrial sites. Measurements include wind speed and direction, air temperature, barometric pressure, relative humidity, shortwave radiation, and PAR.This site has one buoy-mounted sensor station and an inlet station and outlet station. At the buoy, the automated instrument measurements are: PAR at water surface, PAR below water surface, temperature at a specific depth in surface water, water quality (specific conductivity, chlorophyll a, dissolved oxygen content, pH turbidity, and fDOM), and nitrate. At the inlet and outlet stations, the measurements are: PAR below water surface, elevation of surface water, and temperature in surface water. Eight groundwater wells throughout the site collect specific conductivity, water tempertaure, and elevation of groundwater.\r\n\r\n\r\n Total data products planned for this site: 75","citation":null,"relatedIdentifiers":null,"status":{"label":"Operational","uri":"http:\/\/vocabs.lter-europe.net\/elter_cl\/10772"},"yearEstablished":2014,"yearClosed":null,"relatedSites":[{"typeOfRelationship":{"label":"belongs to","uri":"null"},"listOfSites":[{"type":"site","title":"Ordway-Swisher Biological Station NEON - United States of America","id":{"prefix":"https:\/\/deims.org\/","suffix":"6de989a9-acb8-4a03-83f6-a9a43465152f"},"changed":"2025-09-18T14:02:45+0200"}]}],"siteName":"Lake Barco NEON","shortName":"BARC","siteType":"Stationary land-based site","protectionLevel":null,"landUse":null,"images":[{"url":"https:\/\/deims.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2020-06\/48750942298_3e8e690183_k.jpg","alt":"Barco Lake"}]},"environmentalCharacteristics":{"airTemperature":{"yearlyAverage":20.9,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"\u00b0C","referencePeriod":null},"precipitation":{"yearlyAverage":1308,"monthlyAverage":null,"unit":"mm","referencePeriod":null},"biogeographicalRegion":null,"biome":"freshwater_lakes","ecosystemType":[{"label":"Fresh Water Lakes","uri":null},{"label":"Lakes","uri":null}],"eunisHabitat":null,"landforms":null,"geoBonBiome":["Fresh water lakes"],"geology":"Barco Lake is part of the Cypresshead Formation and features geological characteristics typical of the area, with a lake bottom of sand, clay, and mud. The region Lake Barco resides in is defined as Karst terrain, defined as a landform that is produced by the primarily dissolution of rocks. Barco Lake is underlain by the Floridan Aquifer dominated by a limestone and dolomite bedrock. Limestone and dolomite bedrock weather quickly and develop into solution holes which in turn allows a higher ground-water flow rate.","hydrology":"Barco Lake is a nutrient poor, relatively clear lake with an average secchi depth of 5.4 m and chlorophyll content of 1 \u00b5g\/L. Barco Lake has a mean depth of 4.3 m (14 ft.) and a maximum depth of 5.2 m (17 ft.) and is mostly isothermal (does not stratify). It is classified as acidic with a mean pH of 4.5. It is a deep lake that is connected to ground water. There is no discernable inflow or outflow to Barco Lake, although there is some evidence of water inflow from the northern edge of the lake with a flow pattern to the S and SE; mean inflow\/outflow rate of 1.7*104 m3\/yr. Fluctuation in the water table is generally between 1 to 1.5 m but can reach up to 3-4 m during storm events. The groundwater input accounts for between 5-14% of the annual hydrologic input. The mean hydraulic residence time of the lake is 3.2 years. The lake is fed from the north and northeast by shallow groundwater, which seeps out towards the west and south. Deeper groundwater also flows below the lake.","soils":"The soils in the nearby OSBS terrestrial site are Entisol-order soils that are uncoated, Typic Quartzipsamments. These soils are primarily well-drained and sandy, but low-lying areas near lakes and swamps can have relatively deep layers of organic soils.","vegetation":"The riparian vegetation cover is a combination of evergreen forest and mixed shrub\/grassland. Closer to the lake, you can find live oak (Quercus geminata) and slash pine (Pinus elloittii) along with St. Johnswort (Hypericum fasciculatum), a woody shrub forming a ring immediately adjacent to the lake. In the upland areas, vegetation such as longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) with an understory of turkey oak (Quercus laevis) predominate."},"geographic":{"boundaries":"POLYGON ((-82.007108913 29.673218776, -82.011457642 29.673178193, -82.012124208 29.673188027, -82.012162917 29.671934158, -82.011952003 29.667936273, -82.011999453 29.667555362, -82.012802377 29.667534305, -82.017024881 29.667710898, -82.020845105 29.667815838, -82.027954438 29.667887736, -82.028424397 29.667891552, -82.028528435 29.668039979, -82.028560059 29.670308099, -82.028833756 29.670335821, -82.028854148 29.671499692, -82.028814817 29.676029263, -82.028823781 29.676909676, -82.029088647 29.676907619, -82.029328413 29.676957989, -82.029567268 29.676918825, -82.029763021 29.676842686, -82.02994199 29.676796525, -82.03018916 29.67673491, -82.030573642 29.67673192, -82.031016792 29.676616547, -82.031231002 29.676674574, -82.03121498 29.676779163, -82.031164858 29.676891478, -82.031259908 29.676995203, -82.03155918 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