Pallas-Sodankylä LTER observatory - Finland

DEIMS.iD

https://deims.org/b0edd1d7-4fe7-4945-a366-4e9ff21e9dd3

Basic Information

Site Name

Pallas-Sodankylä LTER observatory

Short name

Pallas LTER

Country

Finland

Web Address

http://fmiarc.fmi.fi/

Site Manager

Site Description

Pallas-Sodankylä LTER observatory is located in northern Finland north of Arctic Circle. It incorporates a variety of biotopes, e.g. forests, bogs, barren mountain tops, lakes and rivers. Arctic Research Centre (ARC), i.e. Sodankylä Observatory, and the Pallas Atmospheric Research station together form the Pallas-Sodankylä GAW (Global Atmosphere Watch) station, which has been operating since 1994. Upper-air soundings, climatological and other meteorological measurements are made at the Sodankylä Observatory, and tropospheric air composition and related boundary layer meteorological measurements at Pallas. The distance between the two sites is 125 km. Research infrastructure at Pallas includes also the Pallasjärvi Research Forest ...

Last modified

2024-09-12 17:09:46

General Characteristics and Status

Site Status

Operational

Year Established

1994

Affiliation and Network Specific Information

Affiliation

Projects

ICP Forests (Level II)

Photos

The Sodankylä Level 1 ICOS ecosystem station. The new 24-m ICOS tower was erected in 2017 to facilitate e.g. EC measurements of CO2, H2O and energy. These fluxes have been measured in the same Scots pine forest since 2000. In addition to the flux data, the station provides vast set of meteorological (soil and air temperature/humidity, different radiation components, wind, pressure etc.) and environmental (litterfall, biomass etc.) data to support the gas and energy exchange analysis. Photo: Anna Kontu.

The Pallas-Sammaltunturi station is located at an elevation of 565 m a.s.l, about 100 m above the treeline. Atmospheric measurements at Sammaltunturi began in 1991 and since 1994, Sammaltunturi has been a node of the Pallas–Sodankylä supersite that contributes to the GAW program of the WMO. The station belongs also to ICOS and ACTRIS infrastructures. The measurements are focused on concentrations of climate gases, non-methane hydrocarbons and physico-chemical properties of particles and their variability.

The Pallas-Lompolojänkkä flux measurement station at a pristine mire. Fluxes of CO2, H2O and CH4 have been measured since 2005 with both eddy covariance and chamber methods. Lompolojänkkä is a Level 2 ecosystem station in ICOS RI. There are also a range of hydrological measurements at Lompolojänkkä and the narrow stream draining it. Previously, impact of drainage, elevated temperature and reindeer grazing have been studied campaign-wise. Photo: Jussi Paatero.

The Pallas-Laukukero automatic weather station. The station was built in 1994 and it measures air temperature, humidity and pressure and wind speed and direction. The station provides meteorological information for general weather service and, together with other weather stations at Pallas region, information about the vertical structure of the atmosphere for research purposes. Photo: Jussi Paatero.

The Pallas-Matorova air quality station in the winter time. At the site, air pollutants have been measured since 1995. In addition to the deposition sampling (main ions, heavy metals, PAHs), meteorology and atmospheric concentrations of e.g. persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals, and acidifying compounds are measured as part of, e.g., EMEP and ICP IM programmes. Photo: Jussi Paatero.

The Pallas-Kenttärova flux measurement station in a spruce forest. Eddy covariance fluxes of CO2, H2O and energy have been measured in this 20-m tower since 2003. Forest floor fluxes of CO2 and CH4 are monitored with a manual chamber technique and background concentration (CO2, CH4, H2O) data is also collected continuously. At Kenttärova, there is also an official weather station of FMI. Kenttärova is an associate ecosystem station in ICOS RI. Photo: Jussi Paatero.

Geographic

Centroid or Representative Coordinates

100 km

100 mi

View in site map

Centroid/Representative Coordinates

Latitude: 67.7083 Longitude: 25.4083

Size

ca. 102500.00ha

Elevation (average)

221.00msl

Elevation (min)

179.00msl

Elevation (max)

765.00msl

Download

Site information [.json]

Centroid/representative coordinates [.shp] [.kml]

Site Details

Ecosystem and Environmental Characteristics

GEO-BON Biome

Fresh water lakes

Fresh water rivers

Terrestrial

Biome

Taiga

Ecosystem Type

Biogeographical Region

Boreal Bio-geographical Region

EUNIS habitat

Heathland, scrub and tundra (F)

Inland surface waters (C)

Mires, bogs and fens (D)

Woodland, forest and other wooded land (G)

Air Temperature: Average Annual

-0.40°C

Precipitation Annual

527.00mm

Type, Design and Scale

Site Type

Stationary land-based site

Design of Experimentation

mainly experimentation

Scale of Experimentation

beyond catchment scale

Design of Observation

mainly observation

Scale of Observation

beyond catchment

Equipment

Permanent Power Supply

Yes

Equipment

Maintenance infrastructure » Snow clearing frequency » Weekly

Maintenance infrastructure » Snow clearing equipment

Observation devices » Measurement tower » Less than 10 m above canopy

Observation devices » Temperature Controlled Container

Data infrastructure » Data services » Other data services

Data infrastructure » Data storage » Paper

Data infrastructure » Data storage » XML database

Data infrastructure » Data storage » Structured file

Data infrastructure » Data storage » Relational database

Supporting infrastructure » Transportation » Vehicle 2WD

Supporting infrastructure » Transportation » Snow mobile

Supporting infrastructure » Transportation » Boat

Supporting infrastructure » Transportation » Vehicle 4WD

Supporting infrastructure » Staff room at site » 2 - 5 places

Supporting infrastructure » Lodging at site » 6 - 10 beds

Energy and data transmission infrastructure » Data transmission » Data Transmission Type (from site) » Cable based

Energy and data transmission infrastructure » Data transmission » Data Transmission Type (within site) » Cable based

Energy and data transmission infrastructure » Energy supply » Permanent Power Supply Location » All over site/catchment

Energy and data transmission infrastructure » Energy supply » Permanent Power Produced » 10-100 kW

Operation

Accessible All Year

Yes

All parts of Site Accessible

Yes

Access Type

dirt road (4WD)

Permanent Operation

Yes

Site Visit Interval

Maintenance Interval

Data Management

General Data Policy

Formal acknowledgement of the dataset providers

Network related information

LTER Site Classification

Master

Additional data

There is EURO-CORDEX climate scenario data available for this site:

Projected Near Surface Specific Humidity Change	RCP26	RCP45	RCP85
Projected Precipitation Change	RCP26	RCP45	RCP85
Projected Sea Level Pressure Change	RCP26	RCP45	RCP85
Projected Surface Downwelling Shortwave Radiation	RCP26	RCP45	RCP85
Projected Near-Surface Wind Speed	RCP26	RCP45	RCP85
Projected Near-Surface Air Temperature	RCP26	RCP45	RCP85
Projected Daily Maximum Near-Surface Air Temperature	RCP26	RCP45	RCP85
Projected Daily Minimum Near-Surface Air Temperature	RCP26	RCP45	RCP85

You can also download the entire climate scenario dataset for this site from the EUDAT B2SHARE data store.