The SMEAR site (Station for Measuring Ecosystem-Atmosphere Relations) is situated in the Hyytiälä Forestry Field Station of the University of Helsinki. The site consists of a managed, 50-yr old Scots pine forest stand, two open oligotrophic fen sites and a humic lake with forested catchment. The main idea of SMEAR type infrastructures is continuous, comprehensive measurements of fluxes, storages and concentrations in the land ecosystem–atmosphere continuum. The forest measurements are operated continuously since 1996, and include e.g. leaf, stand and ecosystem scale measurements of greenhouse gases, volatile organic compounds, pollutants (e.g. O3, SO2, NOx) and aerosols, in addition to full suite of meteorological measurements. The biogeochemical cycles and vegetation–soil–atmosphere interactions are studied both experimentally and with long-term observations. The site has full carbon, water and nitrogen budgets made over 10 years, and it is a full ICOS ecosystem station.

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General Characteristics, Purpose, History

Site Status:

existing

Year Site Established:

1910

Size :

20 000.00ha

Purpose of Site :

The site is primarily focused on the studies on land surface–atmosphere relationships, mostly by conducting long-term observation. The overall aim is to provide information on climate and environmental changes; these questions are by definition such that they can be effectively studied only by collecting multidisciplinary, long-term data sets.

History of Site:

The Hyytiälä Forestry Field Station was established in 1910. The SMEAR 2 flux measurement station established in 1995.

Parameters:

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Geographic

Coordinates:

Latitude: 61.850300000000
Longitude: 24.295000000000

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Site Details

Ecosystem and Environmental Characteristics

Elevation Range FROM:

140.00msl

Elevation Range TO:

200.00msl

Elevation - Average:

180.00msl

Air Temperature Range (Monthly Minimum) FROM:

-11.50°C

Air Temperature Range (Monthly Maximum) TO :

21.60°C

Air Temperature: Average Annual:

3.50°C

Precipitation Minimum Monthly :

1.10mm

Precipitation Annual :

711.00mm

Precipitation Maximum Monthly :

201.10mm

Biome :

Evergreen Forest

GEO-BON Biome:

Fresh water lakes

Fresh water rivers

Terrestrial

Ecosystem and Land Use:

Forest
Boreal forests/taiga
Evergreen Forest
Lakes
Fresh Water Lakes

Biogeographic Region:

Boreal

Hydrology:

Humid continental.

Vegetation:

Managed coniferous forest regenerated in early 1960's, ground vegetation mainly bilberry-lingonberry-mosses. Protected and non-protected fen areas where partial water level management has been done.

Soils:

Haplic podzol formed in a glacial till, with an average depth of 0,5-0,7 m.

eLTER Parameters

eLTER Parameters:

Network Affiliation and Network Specific Information

Networks/Projects:

LTER
eLTER catalogue
ACTRIS
AnaEE-Finland
EMEP
ExpeER
FLUXNet
ICOS
INGOS
WMO

LTER related

LTER Site Code:

LTER_EU_FI_007

LTER Site Classification/Category:

Master

ExpeER Classification:

Highly Instrumented Observational AND Experimental Site

ICOS Site Code:

http://meta.icos-cp.eu/ontologies/stationentry/AS/ATM-HYY

Protection Status and Resource Management

0 - 25%

Management of Resources :

Yes

Management of Resources - Percent of Site:

75 - 100%

Design and Scale of Site

Site Type (Spatial Design):

Complex Site

Scale of Observation:

sub-catchment within catchment

Design of Observation:

mainly observation

Scale of Experiments:

plot scale

Design of Experiments:

partly experimentation

Infrastructure

Value of the Infrastructure :

More than 5000 k

Accessible All Year :

Yes

All parts of Site Accessible:

Yes

Access Type:

regular car

Permanent Power Supply:

Yes

Infrastructure:

Maintenance infrastructure › Snow clearing equipment
Maintenance infrastructure › Snow clearing frequency › Weekly
Energy and data infrastructure › Data transmission › Data Transmission Type (within site) › Cable based
Energy and data infrastructure › Data transmission › Data Transmission Type (within site) › GMS/UMTS
Energy and data infrastructure › Data transmission › Data Transmission Type (from Site) › Telephone line
Energy and data infrastructure › Data transmission › Data Transmission Type (from Site) › GMS/UMTS
Energy and data infrastructure › Data transmission › Data Transmission Type (from Site) › Cable based
Energy and data infrastructure › Energy supply › Permanent Power Supply Location › Central station(s)
Energy and data infrastructure › Energy supply › Permanent Power Produced › More than 100 kW
Supporting infrastructure › Lodging at site › > 10 beds
Supporting infrastructure › Staff room at site › Unknown number of places
Supporting infrastructure › Transportation › Snow mobile
Supporting infrastructure › Transportation › Boat
Supporting infrastructure › Transportation › Vehicle 2WD
Supporting infrastructure › Transportation › Vehicle 4WD
Observation device › Measurement tower › In canopy
Observation device › Measurement tower › Less than 10 m above canopy
Observation device › Measurement tower › More than 10 m above canopy
Observation device › Temperature Controlled Container
Data infrastructure › Data storage › Unstructured file
Data infrastructure › Data storage › Structured file
Data infrastructure › Data services › Data portal
Data infrastructure › Data services › Other data services

Operation

Permanent Operation:

Yes

Site Visit Interval:

Every 1 days

Maintenance Interval:

Every 1 days

Data Management

General Data Policy:

The data provider must be offered co-authorship for publications using this dataset at least within the metadata description

The opportunity to collaborate on the project using the dataset

The data provider is given and agrees to a statement of uses to which the dataset will be put

Data Policy URL:

avaa.tdata.fi

Data Storage Location :

Central

Data Storage Format :

Structured file or spreadsheet

Unstructured file

Data services :

Other data service

Data Request Format :

Online (Reference for access)

Associated Data

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