LTER Zöbelboden - Austria

Basic Information
Site Name
LTER Zöbelboden
Short name
Zöbelboden
Country
Austria
Web Address
Zöbelboden (german long version)
Zöbelboden Video on Youtube
ResearchGate project page with all publications, news, etc
Parent Site Name
LTSER Platform Eisenwurzen (EW) - Austria
Site Manager
Gisela Proell
Thomas Dirnboeck
Operating Organisation
Environment Agency Austria (EAA)
Funding Agency
Environment Agency Austria (EAA)
Site Description
The Zöbelboden was established in 1992 as the only Integrated Monitoring station in Austria under the UN Convention on long-range transboundary air pollution (CLRTAP). In 2006 it became part of LTER Austria. The Zöbelboden covers a small forested catchment (90 ha) of a karstic mountain range (500 to 950 m above sea level) in the Kalkalpen National Park. Monitoring and research is focussing on climate change effects on forest ecosystems, the forest carbon and nitrogen cycle, biodiversity, and air pollution effects on forested catchments. The Zöbelboden represents one of the best known karst catchments in Europe with long-term data series of the major components of its ecosystems. The site is part of many national and international monitoring and research networkds (ICP Integrated Monitoring, EMEP, LTER, forestREplot, SoilTemp, LifePlan, IG-L, EU NEC-D, etc.). The Zöbelboden is managed by the Environment Agency Austria with technical support of the Kalkalpen National Park and the Austrian Federal Forests.
Last modified
2022-01-21 02:01:46

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General Characteristics and Status
Site Status
Operational
Year Established
1992
Observed properties
dissolved organic carbon in soil
atmospheric parameter
air humidity
air specific humidity
air temperature
air vapor pressure deficit
air water vapour pressure
atmospheric pressure
carbon dioxide concentration
daylight length
diffuse radiation intensity
diffuse solar radiation intensity
direct radiation intensity
global radiation irradiance
heat flux
incoming radiation intensity
interception
long wave radiation
maximum temperature
mean annual air temperature
mean annual precipitation
mean annual temperature
methane concentration
net radiation irradiance
net solar radiation irradiance
ozone concentration
plant carbon concentration
precipitation intensity
radiation below canopy intensity
reflected global radiation irradiance
reflected radiation intensity
relative humidity
saturated water content
snow depth
snow water equivalent
soil carbon dioxide flux
solar radiation
sunshine duration
total radiation irradiance
vapor pressure
vapor pressure deficit
wind direction
wind direction (mean and gust)
wind speed
wind speed (mean and gust)
biological parameter
above ground biomass
age class
age distribution
age structure
annual net primary production
biological diversity
breast height diameter
canopy cover rate
canopy height
change in population size over time
community structure
crown closure
forest cover
leaf area
leaf area ratio
leaf nitrogen concentration
leaf nutrient
net primary productivity
nitrogen content
nutrient flux
phenotypic variation
plant cover
plant height
plant nitrogen concentration
plant nutrient
plant transpiration
primary productivity
root biomass
root density
root dry weight
tree age
tree basal area
tree condition
tree diameter
tree diameter at breast height
tree height
chemical parameter
acid neutralising capacity
ammonium content
ammonium nitrate concentration
ammonium nitrogen content
available phosphorus
base cations content in water
base saturation
below ground autotrophic respiration
carbon dioxide concentration
carbon to nitrogen ratio
cation exchange capacity
dissolved nutrient
dissolved organic carbon in soil
dissolved organic carbon in water
inorganic carbon content
inorganic nitrogen content
leaf nitrogen concentration
leaf nutrient
mineral nitrogen mineralised from humus
mineral nitrogen mineralised from organic matter
nitrogen balance
nitrogen budget
nitrogen content
nutrient availability
nutrient concentration
nutrient content
percent carbon
percent nitrogen
percent organic carbon
pH value of water
plant nitrogen concentration
plant nutrient
soil acidity
soil alkalinity
soil carbon dioxyde flux
soil carbon storage
soil gas flux
soil nitrate leaching
soil nitrogen
soil nutrient
soil organic carbon
soil organic residual
soil pH
soil solute amount
soil solution concentration
soil solution pH
suspended solids
total carbon
total organic carbon
ecosystem parameter
above ground biomass
above ground net primary production
alpha diversity
ammonium content
ammonium nitrate concentration
ammonium nitrogen content
animal species abundance
animal species presence
below ground autotrophic respiration
beta diversity
biodiversity loss
birds abundance
birds presence
bryophytes cover
bryophytes presence
canopy gap area
canopy height
canopy transpiration
carbon dioxide concentration
community composition
crown closure
deadwood decaying rate
deadwood position
deadwood volume
dissolved nutrient
disturbance pattern
diversity index
dry matter content
ecosystem structure
faunistic diversity
floristic composition
floristic diversity
forest cover
forest structure
fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation
habitat disturbance
habitat heterogeneity
habitat structure
habitat use
heterotrophic respiration
inorganic nutrient content
land cover type
latent heat
leaf area index
leaf nitrogen concentration
leaf nutrient
macrofauna abundance
microbial diversity
normalized vegetation index
percent carbon
percent nitrogen
percent organic carbon
photosynthetically active radiation intensity
plant cover
plant distribution
plant diversity
plant nutrient
plant species abundance
plant species composition
plant species presence
plant species richness
plant transpiration
potential evaporation
radiation below canopy intensity
root biomass
root dry weight
seedling growth rate
seedling survival rate
soil heat flux
soil macrofauna abundance
soil microbial diversity
soil organic residual
soil solute amount
species abundance
species composition
species group abundance
species list
species presence
species richness
species turnover
total carbon
transpiration rate
tree age
tree basal area
tree condition
tree diameter
tree diameter at breast height
tree distribution
vegetation layer composition
vegetation layer structure
vegetation layer type
vegetation pattern
vegetation structure
environmental parameter
abiotic heterogeneity
altitudinal gradient
elevated temperature
environmental heterogeneity
seasonal change
snow depth
landscape parameter
land cover
land use
land use intensity
land use pattern
landscape composition
landscape configuration
landscape structure
patch density
patch size
physical parameter
breast height diameter
bulk density
canopy height
conductivity
dry bulk density
heat flux
latent heat
soil parameter
ammonium content
ammonium nitrate concentration
ammonium nitrogen content
available water capacity
carbon dioxide concentration
carbon-to-nitrogen ratio
cation exchange capacity
dissolved organic nitrogen in soil
inorganic carbon content
inorganic nitrogen content
mineral nitrogen mineralised from humus
mineral nitrogen mineralised from organic matter
percent carbon
percent nitrogen
percent organic carbon
perched water table depth
potential evaporation
respiration rate
saturated hydraulic conductivity
saturated water content
soil acidity
soil alkalinity
soil base saturation
soil bulk density
soil carbon storage
soil depth
soil dry bulk density
soil gas flux
soil matrix water potential
soil moisture content
soil moisture field capacity
soil nitrate leaching
soil nitrogen
soil nutrient
soil organic carbon
soil particle size
soil pH
soil profile water content
soil respiration
soil solute amount
soil solution concentration
soil solution pH
soil temperature
soil texture
soil volumetric water content
soil water content
soil water content in the root zone
soil water holding capacity
soil water potential
soil water retention
soil water retention curve
soil wilting point
thickness of soil horizon
total carbon
total organic carbon
water parameter
ammonium content
ammonium nitrate concentration
ammonium nitrogen content
conductivity
dissolved organic carbon in water
dissolved organic nitrogen
dry bulk density
electrical conductivity
hydraulic conductivity
nitrogen content
percent carbon
perched water table
river temperature
runoff amount
saturated hydraulic conductivity
snow cover
snow depth
snow water equivalent
specific conductivity
total carbon
total organic carbon
water acidity
water alkalinity
water quality
water temperature
water transparency
water volume
Photos
automatic chamber for soil carbon respiration

automatic chamber for soil carbon respiration

Meteorological and air pollution measurements

Meteorological and air pollution measurements

Ancient beech forest exist in part of the area

Ancient beech forest exist in part of the area

Eddy covariance measurements

Eddy covariance measurements

Field hut

Field hut

Measuring weir

Measuring weir

forest ground vegetation monitoring

forest ground vegetation monitoring

overview LTER Zöbelboden

overview LTER Zöbelboden

Geographic
View in site map
Size
90.00ha
Elevation (average)
831.00msl
Elevation (min)
516.00msl
Elevation (max)
955.00msl
Related location(s)
Affiliation and Network Specific Information
Affiliation
ILTER✔This site is a verified "ILTER" member.
LTER Europe✔This site is a verified "LTER Europe" member.
European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP)✖The affiliation of this site with "European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP)" is not verified by the network on DEIMS-SDR.
LTER Austria✔ (LTER_EU_AT_003)This site is a verified "LTER Austria" member.
Projects
Natura 2000
NEC Directive (2016/2284)
e-shape (H2020)
EcoPotential (H2020)
eLTER (H2020)
eLTER catalogue
eLTER PLUS (H2020) - RA
eLTER PLUS (H2020) - TA
eLTER PLUS (H2020) - VA
EnvEurope
ExpeER
LIFEPLAN
LTER-CWN
Teabag
ICP Integrated Monitoring
Download

Site information [.json]

Centroid coordinates [.shp] [.kml]
Bounding Box [.shp] [.kml]
Boundaries [.shp] [.kml]
GEO-BON Biome
Terrestrial
Biome
Mixed Forest
Ecosystem Type
Forest
Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
Temperate coniferous forests
Biogeographical Region
Alpine Bio-geographical Region
EUNIS habitat
Woodland, forest and other wooded land (G)
Woodland, forest and other wooded land (G) » Broadleaved deciduous woodland (G1)
Woodland, forest and other wooded land (G) » Broadleaved deciduous woodland (G1) » Beech woodland (G1.6)
Woodland, forest and other wooded land (G) » Coniferous woodland (G3)
Woodland, forest and other wooded land (G) » Coniferous woodland (G3) » Fir and spruce woodland (G3.1)
Air Temperature: Average Annual
7.20°C
Air Temperature Range (Monthly Minimum)
-1.00°C
Air Temperature Range (Monthly Maximum)
15.50°C
Precipitation Annual
1600.00mm
Precipitation Maximum Monthly
182.00mm
Precipitation Minimum Monthly
75.00mm
Landforms
Mountain
Geology
The main rock type is Norian dolomite (Hauptdolomit), which is partly overlain by limestone (Plattenkalk). Due to the dominating dolomite, the watershed is not as heavily karstified as limestone karst systems, but showing typical karst features, such as conduits and sink holes. These conduits and sink holes provide pathways for rapid water flow and quick response times to water input at the soil-bedrock interface.
Vegetation
The mean slopes are 14° at IP I and 36° at IP II. IP I is dominated by a Norway spruce (Picea abies) following plantation after a clear cut around the year 1910, whereas a mixed mountain forest with beech (Fagus sylvatica) as the dominant species, Norway spruce (Picea abies), maple (Acer pseudoplatanus), and ash (Fraxinus excelsior) covers IP II. After wind and bark beetle damage at IP I a third intensive plot (IP III) has been established in the year 2008 representing the plateau ecosystem. IP I is still used for studying the effects of disturbance on these ecosystems.
Soils
Intensive plot I (IP I) is located on the plateau where Chromic Cambisols and Hydromorphic Stagnosols are found. Intensive plot II (IP II) is located on the slope and dominated by Lithic and Rendzic Leptosols.
Hydrology
The watershed can be divided into two distinct sites: A very steep (30 ? 70°) slope from 550 ? 850 m a.s.l. and an almost flat plateau (850 - 956 m a.s.l.) on the top of the mountain. The areal coverage of each site is 50 % of the watershed. At each site, intensive plots have been selected for comprehensive measurements of hydro-chemical variables. Intensive plot I (IP I) is located on the plateau where Chromic Cambisols and Hydromorphic Stagnosols are found. Intensive plot II (IP II) is located on the slope and dominated by Lithic and Rendzic Leptosols.
Protection Level (IUCN category)
Category II – National Park
Land Use
tertiary production
tertiary production » commercial services
tertiary production » commercial services » accommodation and food services
tertiary production » community services
tertiary production » community services » educational services
tertiary production » cultural entertainment and recreational services
tertiary production » cultural entertainment and recreational services » cultural services
tertiary production » cultural entertainment and recreational services » open air recreational areas
other uses
other uses » natural areas not in other economic use
other uses » natural areas not in other economic use » land areas not in other economic use
Site Type
Stationary land-based site
Design of Experimentation
partly experimentation
Scale of Experimentation
plot scale
Design of Observation
mainly observation
Scale of Observation
entire catchment
Permanent Power Supply
Yes
Equipment
Data infrastructure » Data services » Sensor Web Enablement (SWE)
Data infrastructure » Data storage » Graph or object database
Data infrastructure » Data storage » Paper
Data infrastructure » Data storage » Relational database
Data infrastructure » Data storage » Spatial data file (GIS)
Data infrastructure » Data storage » Spatial database (GIS)
Data infrastructure » Data storage » Structured file
Data infrastructure » Data storage » Unstructured file
Energy and data transmission infrastructure » Data transmission » Data Transmission Type (from site) » GMS/UMTS
Energy and data transmission infrastructure » Data transmission » Data Transmission Type (within site) » Cable based
Energy and data transmission infrastructure » Data transmission » Data Transmission Type (within site) » GMS/UMTS
Energy and data transmission infrastructure » Data transmission » Data Transmission Type (within site) » Radio transmission system (repeaters, receivers, centralstation)
Energy and data transmission infrastructure » Energy supply » Permanent Power Supply Location » Central station(s)
Maintenance infrastructure » Snow clearing equipment
Maintenance infrastructure » Snow clearing frequency » Weekly
Observation devices » Measurement tower » More than 10 m above canopy
Observation devices » Temperature Controlled Container
Supporting infrastructure » Lodging at site » 1 - 5 beds
Supporting infrastructure » Staff room at site » 1 place
Supporting infrastructure » Transportation » Vehicle 2WD
Supporting infrastructure » Transportation » Vehicle 4WD
Equipment notes
The Zöbelboden covers a small forested catchment (90 ha) of a karstic mountain range in the Kalkalpen national park. Meteorological and air pollution monitoring is carried out at a clearing area (EMEP station) and on a tower (45 m height). The tower is additionally equipped with an eddy corariance system for carbon dioxid and water vapor. One old and two new intensive plots exist for the detailed measurement of element fluxes through the main forest types (bi-weekly to monthly analyses of deposition and soil water). One plot is equipped with a sapflow system, automated dendrometers, and soil respiration chambers. Catchment runoff chemistry is measured at the main spring with an optical probe for high resolution data and through weekly sampling and analyses. On 64 permanent plots (regular 100 m grid) forest tree monitoring, ground vegetation and soil sampling is carried out (5 to 10 year interval). Additional permanent plots exist for forest floor vegetation, lichens, bryophytes and birds (3 to 10 year interval). The main stations (EMEP station, intensive plots, the hut) can be reached via a forest road with all year access (once a week in winter).The station has full power supply, a radio transfer of the data within the site and remote online access to the major devices.
Accessible All Year
Yes
All parts of Site Accessible
No
Access Type
dirt road (4WD)
Permanent Operation
Yes
Operation Notes
The Zöbelboden is managed by the Umweltbundesamt GmbH. Sampling of chemical specimen is done by local staff of the Kalkalpen national park. Chemical analyses are carried out by the laboratory of the Umweltbundesamt in Vienna. Maintenance is done on a regular basis by a local contractor.
Site Visit Interval
7
Maintenance Interval
30
General Data Policy
Formal acknowledgement of the dataset providers
Data Policy Notes
Our data is free upon request, just write us or call us.
LTER Site Classification
Master
Related Resources
9 activities in total:
LTER Zöbelboden Austria aerial data
LTER Zöbelboden Austria catchment runoff
LTER Zöbelboden Austria deposition
LTER Zöbelboden Austria forest disturbance map
LTER Zöbelboden Austria forest structure
LTER Zöbelboden Austria land cover and habitats
LTER Zöbelboden Austria meteorology
84 dataset(s) in total:
LTER Zöbelboden regional climate model data from EURO-CORDEX
LTER Zöbelboden, Austria, Air chemistry, 2001-2011
LTER Zöbelboden, Austria, Air chemistry, 2012
LTER Zöbelboden, Austria, Air quality, 2000-2020
LTER Zöbelboden, Austria, Epiphytic Lichens, 1993-2010
LTER Zöbelboden, Austria, Epiphytic Lichens, 2005-2019
LTER Zöbelboden, Austria, Foliage chemistry, 1992-2006
1 sensor(s) in total:
LTER Zöbelboden Austria precipitation WW
There is EURO-CORDEX climate scenario data available for this site:
Projected Near Surface Specific Humidity ChangeRCP26RCP45RCP85
Projected Precipitation ChangeRCP26RCP45RCP85
Projected Sea Level Pressure ChangeRCP26RCP45RCP85
Projected Surface Downwelling Shortwave RadiationRCP26RCP45RCP85
Projected Near-Surface Wind SpeedRCP26RCP45RCP85
Projected Near-Surface Air TemperatureRCP26RCP45RCP85
Projected Daily Maximum Near-Surface Air TemperatureRCP26RCP45RCP85
Projected Daily Minimum Near-Surface Air TemperatureRCP26RCP45RCP85

You can also download the entire climate scenario dataset for this site from the EUDAT B2SHARE data store.